of all the Xeo-Malays, the Pangasinans are more brachycephalic than even the average southerner. Both these peoples living 

 further from the coast than the shorter-headed Ilocanos to the north of them, Tagalogs to the south, and Zanibals to the west, it 

 may be presumed that they obtained their "northern" characteristics from the tall "Primitive Malayan" or "Indonesian" element 

 of the interior. In still other respects they approach slightly the Caucasian type, liaving as compared with other Xeo-Malays a 

 relatively straight nose and a lighter, yellowish color. Some writers think that the latter feature and the slanting eyes sometimes 

 found amongst them indicate an admixtiire of Chinese blood and corroborate the ancient tale of a certain Chinese pirate who settled 

 with his followers in the interior. 



The great Tagalog people (Pis. 39-50) are rejiresented in this Album by seven jn-ovincial types, ranging from Tayabas in the 

 south to Nueva Ecija in the north. They represent fairly well, especially the Tagalogs of Cavite, the average man j)hysically of 

 all the Neo-Malays, northerners and southerners combined. P^speciglly is this true of the important characters, the shape of the 

 head and of the nose. In height, however, they resemble the southerners more than the northerners. Their average is 5 feet 25 

 inches. About four-fifths of those in the prison are of the lighter, yellowish brown. This may be due to the strong infusion 

 amongst them of the Chinese element. Indeed, the Manila contingent in the prison was so preponderatingly Chinesi — three- 

 fourths of the men admitting that they have mixed blood of one sort or another — that this grouj) was rejected entire as unsuitable 

 for a study of Philippine types. One-third of the Tagalogs examined have a noticeable a])proach to the Mongolian eye; about 

 the same proportion possess something of the Malay flattening of the head. 



The Visayas (Pis. 51-71) are the great people of the southern Philippines as the Tagalogs are of the north. While our 

 Tagalog types are all from Luzon, the Visayan types are scattered over ten or twelve large islands. They are on the average 

 shorter than the other peoples here discussed. They also have the greatest span of arms in proportion to height and, with one 

 exception, the broadest heads and noses' relatively to length. The Visayas of some islands, however, are taller decidedly than 

 those &f other islands. Especially is the tall, i)road-headed type characteristic of Misamis, owing no doubt to its mixture with 

 tlic tall "Indonesian" element of the interior. The opposite sides of the Island of Negros are peopled liy tlie most opposite of 

 Visayan types, the shorter type of Xegros Occidental being due to the admixture of Xegrito iilood. The Visayas seem somewhat 

 darker than the Tagalogs, and the pug nose is more pronounced. 



The Zambals (Pis. 72, 73) are small in number, both in the prison and outside. If we may generalize from the seventeen 

 cases in Bilibid, they stand nearer the average of the Neo-Malay types in all essential characters than do any other people. Their 

 height is in the average exactly the general average, 5 feet 3{ inches. As compared with Caucasian ami other races, they ni'c 



