j)roviiifi.'S. It is evident, for instance, that neither the photograplis of the only Igorrote nor that of the only Monobo found in 

 the prison can be safely regarded as typical: nor can those of the small group of Negritos, three of the northern type and one, 

 or possil)iy two. of tlie southern. There is not equal danger of error, however, in the case of provinces or islands having but two 

 or three representatives each in the prison, as Catanduanes or Romblon. Their purity of type is evident upon comparing them 

 with their neighbors of the same tribe. In the case of the Moros, two each from Basilan and Cottabato, there is greater doubt, 

 because the entire number of Moros in the prison is small — only twenty. Indeed, as there are evidently two distinct Moro types, 

 one of Zamboanga and the other of the islands to the west, the nundjer of cases is doubly reduced u|)on which we may generalize. 

 The ten men from Jolo probably give a fair idea of the Jolo type. 'The same is i)robal)ly not true of the eight men from ^Un- 

 danao, where there is presumably less evenness of type. Compare with this the great number of men selected for measurements 

 from the Visayan group, 259 — 46 from a single province, Leyte: or the 193 Ilocanos selected, 59 from Ilocos Sur alone; or the 

 62 Pampangas from Pampanga, the largest number selected from any province. It is evident that here we have a safe basis for 

 inductions as to physical type. 



The Bicols (Pis. 1-7), whose portraits come first in the alphabetical arrangement of the Album, liave l)een presented as typical 

 of all the Christian peoples of the Phili])pines by so good an authority as ilontano. It must be said, however, that the measure- 

 ments made upon 63 Bicols in Bililnd Prison place them next to the bottom of the scale in height among the 838 measured. 

 They are typical, however, in an important factor, tlie cephalic index. Their length of head being considered as 100, its breadth 

 is 83.34. This puts them in the "brachycephalic" or short-headed class of peoples, as are all Malays. Thev have, of course, the 

 other primary Malay characteristics — a brown skin, sometimes approaching the Mongolian yellow; straight, black hair: a low 

 stature (the Bicols are but 5 feet 2^ inches in height), and a rather broad nose. They are not as platyrhinian or broad-nosed as 

 are negroes; in proportion to the height the Bicol's breadth of nose averages 83.3-t, making him mcsorhinian. The features 

 approach the Mongolian in other respects — rather high cheek bones, a noticeable projection of the jaws and lips, and even in 

 some eases a slanting of the eyes. The so-called ;Malay characteristic, a flattening of the back of the head, "en coup de hache," 

 as the Frenchman just mentioned expressed it, was found in less than a fourth of the cases in Bilibid, among Bicols and most 

 other peoples as well. The prison cut of hair allows an examination of the photographs in this detail, although it gives an imper- 

 fect idea otherwise of the luxuriant growth of hair, often worn in pompadour or thrown back in great masses from the forehead. 



The Cagayans (Pis. 8-11) present what seems to be a distinctly northern type of "Indies'" or Christian Filipino peoples, as 

 contrasted with the sonthern ty])e well rcpri'seutcd by the Bicols. One of the results of the anthroiiometrical work done in Bilibid 



