18 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



we had communications with those men who have had the 

 management of it. Most of you remember that it was 

 an almost impossible thing in 1860, '61, '62 and '63 to con- 

 vince the people of Massachusetts that the pneumonia that 

 we had in Massachusetts at that time was contagious. 

 When cattle were rotten with it in West Brookfield and 

 other towns, some of the brightest men in the State insisted 

 upon it that it was not contagious ; and the only way that 

 we convinced the public that it was contagious was by 

 putting some of the leading advocates of the non-contagious 

 character of the disease on that Cattle Commission, and 

 compelling them to go to West Brookfield, Belmont and 

 other places where it existed, and make their own examina- 

 tions and experiments, and then they came out and acknowl- 

 edged that it was contagious, and they stamped the thing 

 out by lulling the infected cattle. Now, they are going 

 through that same change in the West. Some do not 

 believe it is contagious, some believe it is contagious, and so 

 it goes. 



The Bureau of Animal Industry looked this matter over 

 in the District of Columbia, in Maryland, in New Jersey, 

 in Pennsylvania and in New York, having the feeling that 

 there was no way of getting rid of it but to stamp it out as 

 Massachusetts did. The Bureau of Animal Industry, with 

 Dr. Salmon at its head, came to that conclusion. They 

 immediately met with objections. Congress cannot go into 

 Pennsylvania and stamp that disease out, but Congress — that 

 is, the United States government — and the government of the 

 State of Pennsylvania, acting together, can. That was the 

 idea of the Bureau of Animal Industry. Let there be com- 

 bined effort between the States and the general government 

 and the two can stamp it out, but Congress cannot go there 

 and do it. Now, I will state another constitutional objection 

 before I go any further, which shows that all the States are 

 to work together, and that is this : the State of Massachu- 

 setts cannot quarantine the cattle of the State of New York, 

 only the general government can regulate internal commerce. 

 The Cattle Commissioners of Massachusetts cannot issue 

 an edict forbidding the cattle of the State of New York to 

 come into Massachusetts. We cannot quarantine in that 



