THE DAIRY. 301 



slight that I do not believe the ordinary methods of churn- 

 ing and convci-ting it into butter can detect it. It may be 

 that chemical analysis might show a large difference ; but 

 with cream raised under exactly the same conditions, stand- 

 ing the same length of time, in the same temperature, while 

 you will get a large variation in the quantity of the cream, 

 you will find but a very slight variation in the quality. 



Mr. FiTCii. In answer to the gentlemen, I will state that 

 what I said was from careful experiments. I kept in my ofiice. 

 for three months at a time, test tubes set up so that every- 

 body could see them. You could see from across the room the 

 butter at the top and the cheese matter at the bottom. The 

 gentleman was never more mistaken in his life than in sup- 

 posing that two lots of cream are alike. I have seen cream 

 which, when put into the test tube, you could not detect a 

 particle of diiference between that and the cream in the 

 next tube to it, and yet one would produce a much larger 

 quantity of butter than the other. 



QuESTiox. Was that cream raised under precisely the 

 r^ame conditions? 



Mr. Fitch. It was taken from two herds. The best test 

 gave over two pounds on the gauge. The cream was from a 

 Holstein cow, one which had been shown over the country, 

 and fed until it was a perfect machine. That cow gave 

 nearly double what any other cow would. I have had men 

 bring me Avhat they said was carefully handled cream that 

 did not produce but five-eighths of a pound. I set the test 

 tubes up, and I never saw more angry persons than three 

 whose tests stood there : but they had to submit to the 

 tests. 



Mv. Wheeler. 1 do not accept any such test. What 

 w'G want to do is to set two cans of milk, filled to the same 

 height, into one tank, at a temperature of say thirty-nine and 

 ii half or forty degrees, let them stand there a given time, 

 and then take them out, and I say you will find so slight a 

 variation between the milk in one can and the other, that 

 you cannot detect it Ijy any ordinary method of churning. 



Mr. Fitch. If that is the case, then the report of the 

 Massachusetts Board is entirely wronsr. "Farmers have 



