XV. 



MILK AND MILK PRODUCTS 



313 



soon after calving is said to be much richer in volatile fatty acids than 

 that of cows in the later stages of lactation. 



Assuming that the glyceryl salts are present as separate individuals 

 (which, as already stated, is probably not the case), the chief constitu- 

 ents of butter fat are given by Richmond 1 as follows : 



Glyceryl tributyrate, C 3 H 5 (C 4 H 7 2 ) 3 

 tricaproate, C 3 H 5 (C 6 H U () 2 ) 3 

 tricaprylate, C 3 H-(C 8 H 15 2 )., 

 tricaprate, C 8 H 5 (C 10 H 19 2 ) 8 

 trilaurate, C 3 H 5 (C 12 H 23 2 ) 3 

 trimyristate, C 3 H 3 (C 14 H 27 2 )., 

 tripalmitate, C 3 H 5 (C 16 H 3] 2 |., 

 tristearate, C.,H 5 (C 18 H., 5 O 2 )^ 

 trioleate, 3 H 5 (C 18 H 3 .;O 2 ) 3 , etc - 



Per cent, 

 about 3-85 

 3-60 

 0-55 

 1-90 

 27-40 

 20-20 

 5-70 

 1-80 

 35-00 



100-00 



According to the analyses of C. A. Browne 2 the fatty acids derived 



from 100 grammes of butter consisted of 



Dihydroxystearie acid, HC 18 H 33 (OH) 2 2 

 Oleic acid, HC 18 H 31 V . . 



Stearic acid, HCHgOg 

 Palmitic acid, HC 10 H 31 6 2 . 

 Myristic acid, HC 14 H OT Oa . 

 Laurie acid, HC 12 H 23 2 

 Capric acid, HC 10 H 19 "b 

 Caprylic acid, HC 8 H 15 6 2 

 Caproic acid, HC 6 H n O./ 

 Butyric acid, HC 4 H 7 2 



Grammes. 



1-00 

 32-50 



1-83 

 38-61 



9-89 



2-57 



0-32 



0-49 



2-09 



5-45 



94-75 



The following table gives the results of analyses^ of butter fat and 

 of " margarine " and suet 3 : 



Blyth and Robertson 4 have separated butter into a solid crystalline 

 fat and an oil, in the proportions of about 45'5 of butter oil to 54*5 of 

 butter crystals. They ascribe the formula 



(C 4 H T 2 

 C 3 H 5 x C 16 H 31 O. ; to the solid crystalline body and conclude that butter 



lC 18 H 34 2 ' 



1 Dairy Chemistry, p. 35. 2 Jour. Chem. Soc., 1900, Abstracts, ii. 55. 



a Violette, Jour. Chem. Soc., 1891, Abstracts, 869. 



4 Proc. Chem. Soc., 1889, 5. 



5 So given in the " Proceedings " ; probably oleic acid radical, C 18 H 33 2 , is 

 meant. 



