194 AGRICULTURE 



Rotations also provide the opportunity 

 for utilizing both horse and manual labour 

 fully and economically throughout the year, 

 because different crops are sown at different 

 times, and the best times of cultivation and 

 of utilization also vary. Thus, wheat is 

 sown for the most part in autumn ; beans 

 to a large extent in the end of February ; 

 potatoes, barley, and oats in March and 

 April ; mangolds early in May ; swedes a 

 little later, and yellow turnips during the 

 month of June. Similarly as regards the 

 harvesting of these and other crops. Red 

 clover is cut about the end of June ; cereals 

 for the most part in August ; potatoes are 

 largely lifted in September ; while mangolds, 

 turnips and swedes are generally got off the 

 land during October, or the early part of 

 November. 



The cultivation of crops on a proper 

 rotation also simplifies the preparation of 

 the land for the cultivation of particular 

 crops. Turnips, for instance, generally follow 

 a cereal, which in its turn has followed 

 ley ; and it is found possible to secure the 

 fine, tilthy condition of the land, so necessary 

 to the successful growth of the turnip crop, 

 much more easily after a cereal than immedi- 

 ately after ley. Similarly in the case of the 



