453 SCIENCE OF AGRICULTURE. Part II. 



2$58. The construction of the agricultural granary has in it nothing particular ; being, in fact, only a 

 well ventilated room,' where corn is seldom kept more than a month or two, and generally in sacks. 



2859. A detached granary often forms a part of farmeries on a small scale : they should be built with 

 firmness, and well secured from the entrance of vermin. In order to effect the latter purpose, they 

 should be raised, by means of stone pillars, about eighteen inches or two feet, and have a frame of 

 some durable wood, with quarterings of timber, so placed as th;it they may be filled up closely with 

 brickbats, and the inside made secure by being lined with thin boards nailed firmly to the different pieces 

 of quartering. The floors must be made firm, close, and even : the outside may also be covered with 

 boarding, if it be thought necessary, and the roof well tiled. There may be different floors or stories, 

 according to the room required. 



2860. Of cormnercial corn granaries, some of the most extensive are in Dantzic. They are seven, 

 eight, or nine stories high, having a funnel in the midst of every floor, to let down the corn from one 

 to another. They are built so securely, that, though every way surrounded with water, the corn con- 

 tracts no damp, and the vessels have the convenience of coming up to the walls for their lading. The 

 Russians in the interior of the empire preserve their corn in subterranean granaries, of the figure of a 

 sugar-loaf, wide below, and narrow at top ; the sides are well plastered, and the top covered with stones. 

 They are very careful to have the corn well dried before it is laid into these store-houses, and often dry it 

 by means of ovens, their autumn being too short to effect it sufficiently. 



2861. A granary to preserve corn for many years should be a dry cellar, deeply covered with earth; 

 and, after the corn is put in, hermetically sealed to exclude heat, air, and moisture, and preclude the 

 possibility of the grain vegetating, or of the existence of insects or vermin, or the hatching of their eggs. 

 (See 1834.) 



2862. The root-house is used for storing up' or depositing potatoes, turnips, carrots, 

 cabbages, or other roots or tops for the winter feed of cattle. It should alveays join the 

 cattle-sheds, and communicate with them by an inner door that opens into the feeder's 

 walk by the heads of the cattle. The entrance door ought to be so large as to admit a 

 loaded cart. These houses are essentially necessary wherever there are a number of cows, 

 or other sorts of cattle, to be supported on roots of the carrot, parsnep, turnip, and potato 

 kinds, as well as for cabbages ; as without them it would not only be inconvenient, but in 

 many cases in severe weather impossible, to provide them for the daily supply of such 

 stock. Cabbages should not, however, be kept long in houses, as they are very apt to 

 take on the putrid fermentation, and become useless. The master should be careful 

 that the yard man constantly keeps such places perfectly clean and sweet, in order that 

 the roots may contract no bad smell, as cattle are in many cases extremely nice in their 

 feeding, and when once disgusted with any sort of food, seldom take to it again in a 

 proper manner. 



2863. 2'he steaming-house should be placed next the root-houses, for obvious reasons ; 

 and have an inner .floor communicating with it in a line with the door of the feeder's 

 walk. 



2864. The straw-house or straiv-shed, when there is one distinct from the barn, should 

 be placed at the end of the cattle-sheds, opposite to the root-house, and like it should 

 have a cart entrance, and an inner door communicating with the feeder's walk. Straw, 

 however, is often stacked, in preference to placing it in a straw-house, especially when 

 large quantities of corn are threshed at one time. 



2865. Cart-sheds, or lodges for the shelter and protection of carts or waggons, and 

 other large implements, are generally built close on 

 three sides, with the fourth open, and the roof sup- 

 ported with posts or pillars. Sometimes they are open 

 on all sides {Jig. 421. ) ; but this admits too much wind, 

 which carries moisture with it in the cold seasons of the 

 year, and dries up and shrinks wooden articles in sum- 

 mer. Their situation in the square should be apart 



|^~^ from the buildings for live stock, and also from the 

 ^^^ barn, straw, and root houses : generally the first part 

 of the east or west side on entering is devoted to the purpose of cart-sheds and 

 tool-houses. 



2866. The tool-house is used for keeping the smaller implements used in manual 

 labour in the fields, as spades, rakes, forks, &c. It is essential that this apartment be dry 

 and free from damps ; and, when convenient, it should have a loft for the better pre- 

 servation of sacks, cordage, sowing sheets, baskets, spare harness, &c. 



2867. Some other buildings, besides those of this and the preceding section, will be 

 wanted in most farm-yards of any extent, as stables for young horses, riding-horses, an 

 hospital stable, &c. Particular descriptions of farms also require appropriate buildings, 

 as dairies, cheese-rooms, hop-kilns, and wood-lofts, which will be considered in treating 

 of dairy farms, hop culture, the management of sheep, &c. 



2868. Sleeping-rooms for single men should be made over the stable, and for the feeder 

 or cow-keeper over the cattle-sheds, that they may hear any accident which takes place 

 among the horses or cattle during the night, and be at hand to remedy it. 



2869. A smithy, and carpejiters work-room, sometimes form part of the buildings on a 

 large farm. Instead of going to a distance to the residence of these necessary mechanics, 

 arrangements are made with them to attend at stated periods, or when sent for, by which 

 a saving both of time and money is effected. Sometimes these buildings are set down at 

 a little distance from the square, to prevent danger from fire, and lessen the expense of 



