454 



SCIENCE OF AGRICULTURE. 



Part II. 



garret up-stairs, and a cellar under. The arrangement of this ground plan is excellent, 

 with the single exception of the situation of the fireplaces, which in no cottage or small 

 dwelling-house ought to be in the outside wall. A few of such farm-houses and tenants 

 should be found in all parts of the country, if for no other reason than to preserve the grada- 

 tion from the labourer to the professional farmer, and from the cottage to the farm-house. 

 2873. A farm-house larger than the preceding [Jig. 424.), and for a farmer and his 

 family rather in a better style, may contain a principal entrance and lobby (a) ; parlour 

 {h) ; closets (c) ; store-room for meal, cheese, &c, yd) ; lumber room for small imple- 

 ments [e) ; beer cellar {f) ; pantry {g) ; dairy (Ji) ; staircase (i) ; kitchen, with an oven 

 under the stairs, and a boiler on the other side of the fireplace (A:) ; coals or wood, and 

 back entry (l) j pigsty, with a small opening towards the kitchen for throwing in dish- 

 water, offal, &c. (m) ; and poultry-house (n) ; with two garret bedrooms over the wings; 

 two good bedrooms and a closet up stairs, and a garret in the roof. 



2874. A farm-house of the second lower scale {fig. 425.), executed at Burleigh in 

 Rutlandshire, contains a principal entry (a) ; parlour (6) ; kitchen (c) ; stair {d) ; dairy 

 {e) ; pantry (/) ; cellar [g) ; and cheese-room {h). The three latter are attached to the 

 back part of the house by a continuation downwards of the same roof. By making their 

 ceilings only seven and a half or eight feet high, some small bedrooms may be got above 

 them, having a few steps down from the floor of the front rooms, or a few steps up from 

 the first landing-place. The back door of the kitchen enters into a brewhouse and 

 washhouse, the fireplace and copper being behind the kitchen vent. Beyond this 

 brewhouse is a place for holding fire-wood, &c., in the back wall of which are openings 

 to feed the swine. In the kitchen is an oven ; and below the grate a very good con- 

 trivance for baking occasionally, but principally used for keeping the servants' meat 

 warm ; it consists of a cast-iron plate, and door like an oven. The chamber-floor is 

 divided into two rooms forwards, and two small ones backwards. 



2875. Farmers dwelling-houses, contaming more accommodation and comfort, and 

 displaying appropriate taste and expression of design, will be found in a succeeding 

 section, where farmeries are treated of, and also where we treat of laying out farms. 

 (Part ill.) 



Sect. IV. Cottages for Farm Sei-vants. 



2876. Cottages for labourers are necessary appendages to every farni or landed estate, 

 and no improvement is found to answer the purpose better than building these on a 

 comfortable and commodious plan. In the southern counties of the island, where the 

 farmer's labourer is supposed to change his master once a year, or oftener, the whole 

 business of cottages is commonly left to accident ; but in the north a certain number of 

 married servant's are kept on every farm, and a fixed place near the farmery is appointed 



