Book II. 



PLANTING ORCHARDS. 



667 



4090. The dessert apples jit for orchards are the rathripes or Margarets for earliest use; 

 the juneating, pomeroy, summer pearmain, and Kentish codling for summer use ; the 

 golden, Downton, and other pippins, especially the ribston pippin, with the nonpareil 

 and other small russets, for autumn, winter, and spring use. The following list is given 

 by Nicol as including a fit collection both of kitchen and dessert apples for a private 

 orchard ; those marked thus * being preferable : 



Ribston pippin, * oslin ditto, * gogar ditto, * Kentish ditto, ditto, summer greening, winter ditto, * Yorkshire Kreenin^, 

 * royal codling, * Kentish ditto, * Carlisle ditto, * royal russet, * margil (very good), Margaret apple ' '> -^ - 



thornden, * Norfolk beaufin (good). 



royal codling, 



Wheeler's ditto, * royal pearmain, *Loan's ditto (goo(J),*golden 

 reinette, * Kentish ditto (good), * grey Leadington, scarlet 



argaret apple (good), * white Haw- 

 strawberry, 



I (very good); 

 n, * Norf " 

 mouth (very good). 



4091. The most approved sorts of cider pears are the following : 



1. 1 1., Forsyth, p. 144., large tree. Rough cap, Forsyth, p. 144.; 

 very austere, hardy free-growing tree. Squash teinton. Pom 

 Her. 1. 13., ForsjUi, p. 144., fruit very austere, upright treC; 



Barland, Pom. Her. t. 27., Forsyth, p. 143., fruit very 

 austere, hardy upright tree. Holmore, Pom. Her. t. 20., For- 

 syth, p. 144., upright tree. Huftcap, Pom. Her. t. 24., Forsvth, 

 p. 144., fruit austere, large, hardy trees. Oldfield, Pom. Her. and great bearer 



4092. In choosing pears for planting i?i orchards, the description of the plant is a 

 matter of very considerable importance, as pear trees attain a much greater age and size 

 than apples. In our opinion the planting of pears in hedge-rows ought to be more 

 encouraged than the planting of apples, as they are calculated, when dried, to be used 

 in soups ; or, when stewed green, to afford a light and agreeable nourishment ; andT 

 perry is at least a more wholesome and exhilarating liquor to most coiistituti6nsw.j 

 than cider. 



4093. The baking and dessert pears fit for orchards, according to Nicol, are the 



following : 



*.largoiielle, Crawford or lammas, * camock or Drummond, 

 *Brey achan, swan's egg, *moorfowrs egg, *yair, * golden 

 knap (good), Longueville, * siunmer bergamot, * autumn ditto, 



* Scot's ditto, musk robin ( 

 good), the pound pear, cad 



llac, warden (for 



anging 1 

 baking). 



4094. Gorrie {Gard. Mag. 



vol iv. p. 11.) recommends the Benvie (,Jig. 601. a), 

 601 



Golden Knap (6), 



Elcho (c), Busked Lady (jd), and Pow Meg (e), as handsome trees. But where high-flavoured fruit is 

 the object, and the chmate is not unfavourable, the Beurres, the Bergamots, and other new French 

 and Flemish sorts, should be preferred. The following sorts will succeed as standards in the neigh- 

 bourhood of London. Their time of ripening is indicated, and also their qualities : very good (v. g.) ; 

 good (g.) ; and moderate (m.). 



Jtdtj. * Muscat Robert (m.), gros muscat, (g.) 

 Aug. Epine verte d'dte (g.), * jargonelle, (v.g.) 

 Autumn. * Bergamote silvange (g.), *beurrd rouge (g.), 

 baurr^ vert, (g.) 



Sept. *Bergamote paysanne (v.g.), rousselet de Rheims. (v.g.) 

 Sept. and Oct. Fondante d'Ha\ 

 d'^l^. (g.) 



Sejpl. and Oct. Fondante d'Havay (v. g.), * bon chrtJtien 



ndante de Brest (v.g.), ^pine d'hiver. (g.) 

 Oct. and Nov. * Beurr^ Spence (v.g.), * Marie Chris- 

 tine, (v.g.) 



Nov. Beurre Capiaumont (v. g.), 

 beurr^ d'Afflighem (v.g.), Marie Lo' 

 (-g-). *Urbaniste. (v.g.) 



Dec. Beurr^ die! (v.g.), pastorale (g.), * present de Ma 

 ines. (v. g. 



beurr^ crapaud (v. g.), 

 uise (v.g.), * Napoleon 



Winter. Josephine (v. g.), poire Canning, (v.g.) 



Dec. and Jan. *Gloux morceaux (v.g.), Roide Rome, (g.) 



Jan. Bezi Vaat (v.g.), * Louise Bonne, (g.) 



Jan. and Feb. * Passe Colmar (v.g.), * Passe Colmar grif, 

 ditPr^cel.(v.g.) '^ ' 



Feb. and March. Orange d'hiver (m.), Tincommunicable. (m.) 



March. Duchesse de Mars, (g.) 



March and April. Gros Komain (m.), *bergamote de Piques 

 (m.), *beurr6 ranee, (v.g.) 



April. Fondante Batave (g.), la favorite, (g.) 



April and May. Muscat AUeniand (m.), bezi de Caissoy. (g.) 



May and June. * Bergamote de Pentecole (g.), Raiine- 

 lier. (m.) 



4095. The best sorts of baking plums are the following 



Damson, bullace, muscle, winesour, and magnum bonum. 

 Of these the damson is by far the best, and next the winesour. 



which thrives only on a calcareous soil, and grows wild in 

 abundance in the West Riding of Yorkshire. 



4096. The following are excellent dessert plums for an orchard : 



* Green gage, Orleans, * damask (black, good), white perdri- ditto, or imperial, *drap d'or (yellow, good). Of these the 

 n, *blue ditto, blue gage, * white magnum bonum, red green gage, Orleans, and damask are much the best. 



4097. Gibbs of Brompton gives the following select list of orchard fruits from his 



own experience ; 



Early Margaret, red Astrachan, 



Summer Table Apples. 



'"^ " Kerrj 



iden, early Ampinui pippm. 

 Summer Kitchen Apples. Keswick codlin, Maulden codlin. 



. Mason's early, Kerry, yellow Ingestrie, Carter's seedlingi 

 Thorle, red JJuarenden, early Ampthill pippin. 



Carte's monster, French codlin, yellow harvest, Hollandbuiy, 



Autumn Table Apples. Ribston, Margall, court pendu, 



Downton, Newtown Spitzenburg, English peach apple. 



Feame's pippin, Wjken, Gravenstein, Ross nonpareil, pomme 

 de neige. 



Autumn Kitchen Apples. Alexander, Howbury pippin, 

 Hawthomden, Duchess of Oldenburgh, Nelson, dominie, 

 Blenheim orange, Dutch and French codlins (good for autumn 

 as well as summer use). 



Winter and Spring Table Apples. Scarlet nonpareil, old 



