Essay on Sheep, 1 45 



per yard so much cheaper as to receive two 

 dollars for my fine wool, and one dollar and 

 fifty cents for the second, and at least one dol- 

 " lar for half-bred wool, and yet save 20 per cent, 

 upon the manufacture, besides great gain in the 

 superior strength of the cloth. This is very 

 conceivable by those who calculate the expenses 

 with which British manufactures are loaded be- 

 fore they come to us, which much more than 

 compensate the difference in the price of la- 

 bour. 1st. The manufacturer's profit. 2d. The 

 purchase and transportation to a sea-port. 3d. 

 The commission to the merchant in England. 

 4th. Four per cent. British duty. 5th. Freight, 

 ^th. Insurance. 7th. American duty, seven- 

 teen and a half per cent. 8th. The merchant's 

 profit, which is never less than fifteen per cent. 

 9th. The retailer's profit. Take all these items 

 together, and they will not fall short of cent, 

 per cent. The difierence between the price of 

 labour bestowed upon a piece of cloth of any 

 degree of fineness in Europe or America, bears 

 no proportion to this: for instance, two pounds 

 of the finest Merino wool makes a yard of su- 

 perfine broadcloth, which sells in England at 

 twenty-four shillings sterling; the wool costs 

 there fourteen shillings and six-pence sterling; 

 the merchant's profit upon this is not less than 



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