318 GRAPE CULTURE AND WINE-MAKING. 



sweet, aromatic, with a fine skin. The grapes produce a very dur- 

 able, heavy-bodied wine, but it has not that beautiful bouquet of 

 the Kiesling. This variety ripens late, and requires an excellent 

 warm place, thrives well in poorer soil, and must be trained low. 



3. Eed Traminer, Auvernat rouge clair, Gris rouge, E'ormen- 

 teau. The vine is small, the grape-bunch small, close, with shoul- 

 ders and short stems; the berry gray-reddish, thick skin, juicy, 

 very fine flavored. These grapes produce an excellent, pleasant, 

 sweet, fiery, and durable wine. The grape will preserve well, 

 and for the table a choice article. The Traminer demands a shel- 

 tered location. 



4. The spiced Traminer maybe called a cousin of the red Tram- 

 iner, which is distinguished through its aromatic taste. 



5. Orleans (Raison et Orleans). The vine is large, the wood is 

 long, the berry oval, hard, fleshy, with a thick skin, whitish-yel- 

 low, of a fine taste. This vine will produce as much again as the 

 Eiesling. The wine requires some time before it attains maturity. 

 Mixed with Riesling the wine is elegant. As a table grape it is to 

 be recommended. It requires a hot, deep, stony soil, and a hot 

 place on a hill-side. 



6. Rulander, Gris commun. The vine is of middle size, often 

 small ; the grape-bunch is of middle size ; the berries oval, often 

 round, brownish color, very tender. This variety ripens more 

 early than any above mentioned. The wine is exceedingly fine, 

 and is used for the manufacture of Champagne. The vine will 

 thrive almost in any soil, and produce much fruit if manured. It 

 is well adapted for covering of low trellises. 



7. Black Clavner or Black Burgundy, Chiovenna, Morillon noir, 

 Pineau, Auvernat, etc. The vine is middling large, wood is tol- 

 erably long, thin, reddish-brown ; the ends are a little woolly. 

 The grape is small, closely clustered. The berry is oval, often 

 round, dark blue, with a thin skin, and of a pleasant, sweet taste. 

 Of this excellent variety are the finest red wines made in Ger- 

 many, for instance, Assmannshausen,Ingelheim,Aarbleichert, etc. 



8. Blue Arbst, Pineau, Auvernat, is a variety of the former. 

 First class wines are made in Baden from this vine. In regard 

 of culture, growth, and use, it is the same as the Black Clavner. 



Grapes which inoduce a Middling^ mostly light White Wine. 



9. Chassclas blanc or verd. The vine-growth healthy and long 

 shoots. The grape is loose, of a long form ; the grape-stem is 

 long, thin, and red ; the berries are round, greenish-yellow, with a 

 thin skin, transparent, and covered with fine dots. The flesh is 

 mellow, juicy, and of a sweet, aromatic taste. This grape will 

 produce much, but only a light, mild wine, which is poor in alco- 

 nol. As a table grape it commands the first place. 



10. Chassclas croquant. The wine of this variety is of a bet- 

 ter quality than of the Chassclas blanc. The grape-vine requires 



