xii Preface. 



disease of bone; and, again, many diseases of stumps are really 

 only diseases of the bone. In such cases the specimens have 

 been placed in what seemed the more important group, and 

 representative specimens, or cross references, have been put in 

 the other group to which they may be considered also to 

 belong. 



The subdivision of the fourth group, Tumours, or Now 

 (xrowths, is based upon the view that they are essentially modi- 

 fications of growth, and not merely responses to irritation ; 

 further, that they take their type from the tissue from which 

 they arise, and that they vary in their rate of growth and 

 degree of malignancy. Consequently, no attempt has been 

 made to form a general group of " Tumours," but instead, 

 each Pathological Series has its department for " Tumours," 

 just as it has for " Inflammations " of various kinds. 



The order in which the individual specimens have been 

 arranged within the groups has been based upon the following 

 general principles. 



Among Fractures the larger groups have, as is usual, been 

 based upon " locality," i.e., the bone, or special part of it which 

 has been broken. Within the groups thus formed, the speci- 

 mens have been classed as recent, and of old standing, and the 

 latter again as united or ununited. Other groups of injuries 

 have been similarly treated. 



Among Malformations, the lesser degrees have been placed 

 before those more pronounced. 



In Inflammations, early stages of disease have been placed 

 before those more advanced, in order to illustrate the successive 

 phases of the particular malady. These have been followed. 



