182 Injuries of Bone. 



3. 390. Gunshot Shattering" of Foot.— Bones of a left foot — 



partially macerated and dried, and showing great laceration of 

 the tarsus and lower end of the tibia. 



The internal cuneiform bone, scaphoid, and astragalus are 

 broken up into unrecognisable fragments, while the lower end 

 of the tibia and sustentaculum tali of the os calcis have been 

 severely comminuted. The other bones of the foot and the 

 fibula have escaped. G. C. 3434. 



Presented by Surgeon-General Billings, U.S.A. 



COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGY OF FRACTURES. 



3. 391. Process of Union after Fracture in the Bones of 



Birds. — Two humeri, also portions of a metatarsal bone and 

 of the tibia and fibula of two chickens — macerated, after experi- 

 mental fracture. 



No account is given of the details of the experiments, but 

 the specimens all show development of callus round the broken 

 ends. The uppermost specimen shows enlargement of the lower 

 half of the bone. Both the humeri exhibit a closing of the 

 medullary cavity in the upper fragment, and the three lower 

 broken bones show necrosis at the seat of fracture, with much 

 new bone formed round it. G. C. 206. 



3. 392. United Fractures in the Bones of Birds.— Series of 



sections through united fractures of three bones, apparently 

 femora, of fowls — macerated. 



The bones have united in bad position in each case, but the 

 overlapping ends have been covered in, and the interval between 

 the bones filled up by cancellous tissue. In the sections of the 

 two lower fractures the original shell is distinguishable at the 

 point of fracture, but in the uppermost fracture its two sections 

 show the original shell to have become blended with the 

 intervening cancellous tissue. G. C. 3528. 



