2 1 2 Diseases of Bone. 



The skull is well shaped, with the hones somewhafc 

 irregularly thickened, although to a less degree than in the pre- 

 vious specimen. The spine and thorax, as well as the scapulse and 

 clavicles, show no marked change. The humeri are very 

 irregular and short, with great development of the ridges, 

 especially that of the deltoid, and marked prominence of the 

 inner condyles. The bones of the fore-arm are small and some- 

 what bent forward, especially on the right side, with an 

 exaggeration of most of the bony ridges, and an enlargement of 

 the lower ends of the radii. The pelvis, as already noted, is 

 markedly flattened and rickety. The lower limbs are crossed. 

 The femora are short, and have an outward bend at the upper 

 end. The great trochanters are above the level of the head. 

 The lower ends are enlarged, and the linea aspera are unusually 

 prominent. The tibiae and fibulaB are in their crossed position, 

 bent upon themselves, with the convexity directed forwards 

 and outwards relatively to the trunk, but really forwards and 

 inwards in the usual anatomical sense of the word. When the 

 legs are much crossed the soles of the feet look downwards, the 

 insides being, of course, to the outside. The tibiae and fibulae 

 are, as usual, laterally flattened at the bend, considerable bone 

 being thrown out in the concavity of the curve. The bones of 

 the feet are soft and lidit. B. C. i. 3. M. 23. 



6. 27. Skeleton affected by Rickets. — Skeleton of an adult 



woman, showing changes chiefly in the spine, pelvis, and lower 

 limbs. 



Thorax and spine show changes characteristic of lateral 

 curvature, with convexity to the right in the mid-dorsal region. 

 The bodies of the verteDrte are, as usual, rotated towards the 

 convexity, and the right side of the chest is raised, carrying the 

 scapula with it. In the concavity of the curve the bodies of 

 the vertebr£e are greatly compressed and fused together, the 

 corresponding libs being also compressed and anchylosed |to 

 the verteltrae, a'.;d their angles flattened. On the convex side 



