488 . Diseases of Joints. 



7. 161. Advancing- Arthritis Deformans.— Right knee-joint 

 of an adult, with the ligaments and muscles dissected off to 

 expose the joint — in spirit. 



The cartilaginous surface of the femur is worn away at 

 several places, especially on the trochlear surface, while the 

 articular margin projects outwards as a shelf all round. There 

 is an "adimentary bone" upon the tibia in front of the anterior 

 crucial ligament. Changes similar to these on the femur, but 

 less advanced, are seen on the tibia. The articular surface of 

 the patella is for the most part bared of cartilage, and at one spot 

 it is eburnated. One or two pendulous processes are attached 

 to the upper part of the patella. W. C. H. 40. 



7. 162. Arthritis Deformans, with marked Fring"ing of 

 the Synovial Membrane.— Right patella with adjacent 



soft parts — in spirit, illustrating the above. 



The synovial membrane is covered by a mass of long 

 fringed processes. The cavity of the joint must have extended 

 upwards for a considerable distance, and the interior of the 

 extension has been furnished with similar processes. The 

 cartilaginous surface of the patella seems normal. 



B. C. II. M. 20. 



7. 163. Arthritis Deformans, with marked Fring-ing- of 

 the Synovial Membrane. — Lower end of a left femur, with 

 the adjacent synovial membrane, from the subject from 

 whom the last specimen was taken — in spirit. 



The synovial membrane is covered by a similar remarkable 

 outgrowth of fringed processes, and the pouch above the patella 

 has also been enlarged. It should be noted that although the 

 changes in the synovial membrane are so advanced, there is nO' 

 lipping or shelving out of the articular margin, and scarcely 

 any change in the cartilage. The detachment of a piece of 

 cartilage on the inner condyle may have been due to an 

 accident. B. C. ii. M. 21. 



