Fiat-Foot. 583 



11.43. Flat Foot.— Dissection of the foregoing foot— in spirit. 



It will be seen that the head of the astragalus has slipped 

 down from its proper place, and has carried the scaphoid with 

 it. Considerable portions of the upper and inner facettes for 

 articulation with the tibia have escaped from their contact 

 with the tibia, while the cartilaginous area on the head, usually 

 supported by the calcaneo-scaphoid ligament, is relatively much 

 larger than usual. The tubercle of the scaphoid must have 

 pressed through its covering of soft parts on to the ground. 



G. C. 3238. 



Presented by Henry D. Littlejohk, F.R.C.S.E., 1891. 



11. 44. Normal Foot.— A normal left foot dissected in a way 

 similar to the last to act as a standard for comparison with it. 



G. C. 3590. 



Presented hy Charles W. Cathcart, F.R.C.S.E., 1893. 



Miscellaneous Deformities. 

 11. 45. Deformity due to Spastic Paralysis.— Plaster cast 



of the left foot of a lady, illustrating the above. 



For 20 years she had sufifered from cerebral symptoms, i.e. giddi- 

 ness, occasional falling, afterwards aphasia and gradual sinking. For 10 

 years before death she had suffered from spastic paralysis of the lower 

 limbs. At the post-mortem examination a tumour (psammoma) was 

 found opposite the internal auditory meatus on one side. 



The foot as a whole and the great toe are extended, and 

 the four outer toes are flexed. G-- ^- 3412. 



Presented by T. Burn Murdoch, M.B., 1892. 



11. 46. Bunion.— Plaster of Paris cast of a left foot, illustrating 



the above. 



The great toe points obliquely upwards and outwards. 



