FALLOWING. 6S 



wheat or rye) will produce four tons of manure ; this 

 will dress one acre of corn or potatoes in the hiil, and 

 thus give a profit on the crops of 10 or 15 dollars; 

 whereas 5 dollars may be considered as a fair market 

 price for feeding : leaving a balance in favor of littering 

 of five to ten dollars, besides the warmth afl'orded the 

 cattle ; allowing the increased value of the land to pay 

 for carting, &;c. Straw fermented, is a more managea- 

 ble substance and furnishes more manure for a single 

 crop, than unfermented. In the latter state, it decom- 

 poses more siowly, and consequently, though its influ- 

 ence will be more lasting, yet it produces at first, lesg 

 effect. To derive the full advantage from it, it ought 

 to be hauled out before the substance has been wasted 

 by rain ; by the sun, and by the wind ; and to be buried 

 in the earth as soon after as possible. 



Stubble. On a light soil the stubble should be plough- 

 ed in deep immediately after the crop is taken off. The 

 stubble with the weeds will be equal to a moderate 

 manuring. To pass a roller before the plough will fa- 

 cilitate the work. On a stiff soil it may be best to burn 

 the stubbie and plough in the ashes with a shallow fur- 

 row. The heat given to the ground is much better than 

 a larger quantity of ashes. In burning it, the danger 

 which is to be apprehended from the spreading of the 

 flames may, perhaps, be obviated by tracing a furrow 

 round the field, and settiag fire to the stubble on the in- 

 ner edge of the furrow. Or stubbie and the under- 

 growth may be rii<» v-i, carted into the hog pen, or barn- 

 yard, or even housed for liit^^r for the winter. The dif- 

 ference between the value of it used in this way, and 

 when left to waste on the ground, will not admit oi' com- 

 parison. If firmers feel no disposition to avail them- 

 selvi^s of such resouT-ces to fertilize their lands, let them 

 be cautious to cut thoir grain so close to the ground, as 

 to leave no stubbie that can be mown or employed to 

 any particular use. 



Paring and Burning. — This process is particularly 

 adapted to the improvement of soils which are overrun 

 by the roots of vegt ^hies that cnnnot be destroyed by 

 the common methods of cultivation ; and on stiff clays, 

 and S(,ci a-s contain too much vegetable matter. There 

 is a great diversity of opinion respecting this method of 



