188 APPLE TREE. 



about the month of October. Make the rows three and, 

 a half, or four feet apart, and plant the seeds plentiful- 

 ly with or without the pcnnace, one or two inches 

 deep. If the pomace is not used soon alter taking it 

 from the press, it must be spread and dried, as it is liable 

 to heat and destroy the seeds. Those seeds that are 

 saved eari}^ or are to be kept through the winter for 

 spring- sowing, (which some prefer,) should be preserv- 

 ed from air in dry sand : Let them be put in a box lay- 

 er upon layer, covering them several inches with sand. 

 Soon after coming up they are to be thinned, so as to 

 stand at proper distances, (sny four or five inches apai t) 

 and the ground is to be kept hoed, but not deep near 

 the plants, and clear of weeds and grass. After they 

 have had two summer's grov/th, they may be taken up, 

 grafted near the root, and set again in the nursery, at 

 the distance of about a foot and a half or two feet apart 

 in the rows ; where they may remain until sufficiently 

 large to transplant into the orchard — or they may be 

 engrafted in the ground. 



The cultivation of a nursery is effected By ploughing 

 and harrowing, each operation twice or thrice in the 

 season, with ploughs and harrows of a small size, in 

 using which, great care should be taken to avoid galling 

 and injuring the trees The plough is not to go so near 

 the rows as not to leave some ground to be dug with 

 the hoe. The earth is first thrown from the trees, and 

 then towards them, and the ground is also worked with 

 a hoe between the trees to destroy the weeds ; the 

 .more the earth is stirred, and the cleaner the ground is 

 kept, the faster will trees grow in every stage of their 

 progress, from the seedling to the full grown tree. 



In pruning trees in the nurser}"^, care should be used 

 not to run them up too high ; this weakens the stems, 

 and throv.s the growth too much into the braiiches. — 

 Tliey must be pruned gradually, and a little each year. 

 No suckers that spring up from the roots should be suf- 

 i'ered to remain ; and all buds should be speedily rubbed 

 oil", which would make branches too low on the stems. 

 This attention is not required for those that are intend- 

 ed as stocks to engraft on. 



Deep snows are apt to bend down young trees, and 

 »ake them crooked. The besst remedy for this, Is to 



