FRUITS CULTIVATED IN GARDENS. 237 



qnently watered when the ground is dry, until they have 

 got shoots several inches lon<^. If the weather is hot 

 cover the ground with leaves, or muck, (mulch,) or 

 something to keep the ground cool. Where cuttings ai»o 

 to be kept some time before setting, let the cut ends 

 be kept in moist earth, and soaked in water before they 

 are set. Plant them in rows 2 feet asunder, at 6 or 8 in- 

 ches distance in the row. 



Suckers. Many kinds of shrubby plants, furnisfc abun- 

 dance of suckers from the roots for propagation. They 

 may be separated from the parent plants, each with some- 

 roots, and planted either in nursery rows for a year or 

 two, or (he largest, at once, where they are to remain. 

 They are considered inferior to cuttings. 



Layers. Trees and shrubs, which cannot be easily 

 propagated by seeds, cuttings, &lc. may nevertheless be 

 propagated by layers. Take shoots of the last year's 

 growth, bend them to the earth, and bury them half a 

 foot deep in a good mellow soil ; fasten them with hook- 

 ed pegs to prevent their rising, and bend the tops so as 

 to bring them above the surface. A slit upwards should 

 be made in that part of the twig which lies deepest, or 

 u wire drawn tightly round it there, lo prevent the sap 

 from mountmg too fast. Let the ground be covered 

 with stones, &lc. to keep it moist, and let it. be watered 

 if necessary. When the twigs have struck root, they 

 may be cut off in the spring and transplanted. 



Transplanting^ <^'C. In planting shrubs of every kind, 

 Jet all convenient expedition be made in doing it, so that 

 they may be planted as soon as possible after they are 

 taken up ; that their roots may not be dried by the sun 

 and wind ; but when brought from iiuy distance, and can- 

 not be immediately planted, untie the bundles, lay the 

 roots in a trench, and cover them with earth, to lie, till 

 the places allotted are ready to receive them. 



Dig a round hole tor each shrub, from half a yard to 2 

 feet or more wide, according to the size of the roots, 

 and a spade deep, capacious enough to receive them 

 freely ; and loosen the bottom well. Prune off broken 

 •or bruised roots, and irregular productions of the heads; 

 ^nd place them in the holes upright, break the earth 

 well, and throw it in equally about the roots, whick 

 21* 



