ADVICE TO A YOITNG FARMER. 275 



At the foundation of a proper arrangement, it is nec- 

 essary to have a plan of the farm, or at least a list ot 

 the fields or parcels of land into which it is divided, 

 describing their productive extent, the soil, the preced- 

 ing crops, the cultivation given to each, and the species 

 and quantity of manure they have, severall3i, received. 

 The future treatment of each lield, for a succession of 

 years, may then be resolved on with more probability 

 of success. 



With the assistance of such a list, every autumn, aa 

 arrangement of crops for the ensuing year, ought to be 

 made out ; classing the fields, or pieces, according to the 

 purposes for which they are intended. The quantity 

 of each crop, whether plough-land or mowing, as well 

 as the extent of ground intended for pasture, will thus 

 be ascertained. It will not then be difhcult to anticipate 

 what number of horses or oxen and laborers will be re- 

 quired during the season ; nor the stock that will be 

 necessary for the intended quantity of pasture land. — 

 The works of summer and harvest will be foreseen, 

 and proper hands engaged in due time to perform 

 them. ^ 



As nothing contributes more to facility and satisfac- 

 tion in business, than to prepare for what must be done, 

 a farmer should arrange his plans regarding his crops, 

 for three or four years ; regarding team labor, when 

 frost and bad weather do not intervene, for as many 

 months ; and regarding hand labor for as many weeks, 

 according to the season of the year. A general memo- 

 randum list of business to be done, is therefore essen- 

 tial, that nothing may escape the memory, and that the 

 most requisite work may be brought forward first, if 

 suitable to the state of the weather. 



The following rules, connected with the arrangement 

 and the successful management of a farm, are particu- 

 larly to be recommended : 



1. The farmer ought to rise early, and to see that 

 others do so, that both his example be followed, and his 

 orders obeyed. An hour is gained in this way, which 

 many farmers lose by indolence : this is a material ob, 

 ject where si number of hands are employed. 



