upper jaw and rarely bears two small barbels. Teeth minute, 

 conical, in several rows in the jaws. A large triangular patch, 

 the point of which is directed backwards on the vomer, and 

 elongated small patches on both sides on the palatines and 

 pterygoids. Tongue with an oblong patch of teeth. Origin of 

 dorsal opposite to that of anal, separated by 17 scales from 

 occiput. Dorsal high, the middle rays, which are the longest, 

 as long as or even longer than head. Anal much lower/ but as 

 long as dorsal. Pectorals reaching to middle of dorsal. Ventrals 

 shorter than or as long as head, reaching to anus, their origin 

 midway between point of snout and base of caudal or a little 

 nearer to the latter. Caudal deeply forked. Brownish above, 



Fig. 60. Parexocoetus brachypterus (Rich.) n. s. - 



silvery below. A more or less conspicuous dark patch at base 

 of caudal. In young specimens sometimes two dark blotches 

 on each side, one below the origin and the other below the 

 middle of the dorsal. Pectorals densely covered with small 

 oblong black spots, especially in their hinderpart, giving to 

 the fin a blackish appearance sometimes wanting in preserved 

 specimens. Upper half of dorsal deep black. Ventrals and anal 

 hyaline, blackish in young specimens. Caudal dusky. Length 

 185 mm. 



PI a b i t a t : Simalur! ; Nias ! ; Banka; Java (Batavia!, Semarang !, 

 Panarukan!); Java-sea!; Strait Sunda!; Borneo; Celebes (Ma- 

 kassar!, Badjoa); Sangir Islands; Ternate; between Fau and 

 Gebe ! ; Flores!; Timor!; Adonare ! ; New Guinea. From Red 

 Sea and Natal to Sandwich Islands, ranging north to China; 

 West Atlantic, north to Newport. 



2. E volant ia Snodgrass & Heller. 



[SNODGRASS & HELLER, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. V. 1903, p. 189]. 

 Elongate, compressed. Mandibles with a distinct symphysial 



