225 



operculum rounded. Operculum with two flat flexible spines 

 at the superior part of its hindborder, inconspicuous in adults. 

 Upper jaw with a single series of conical teeth, which are 

 directed backwards and with four canines in front. Lower jaw 

 with a series of somewhat larger teeth, which are vertical. One 

 canine at symphysis. Palatines with a row of 4 8 distant 

 canines of unequal length and a series of small teeth behind 

 them. Lower jaw with a fleshy knob at symphysis. Origin of 

 first dorsal above tip of pectorals and somewhat behind origin 

 of ventrals; its three first spines subequal, shorter than post- 

 orbital part of head. Distance between two dorsals twice length 

 of base of second dorsal. Anal and second dorsal subtruncate. 

 Origin of anal below first half of second dorsal. Pectorals about 

 equal to postorbital part of head. Ventrals truncate, scarcely 

 shorter than pectorals. Caudal forked. Colour of alcohol speci- 

 mens silvery, brownish above. Upper part of first dorsal, 

 greater part of second dorsal and middle rays of caudal and 

 anal black. Pectorals and ventrals yellowish, middle rays of 

 ventrals sometimes blackish. Lenth 1800 mm. 



N o m. in dig.: Senuk (Batavia), Tunel (Samarang), Halu- 

 halu (Balikpapan), Tangkuloh (Simalur). 



Habitat: Singapore; Simalur!; Nias!; Java (Batavia, Sama- 

 rang, Surabaya) ; Madura ; Kangeang Island ! ; Borneo (Balik- 

 papan!); Celebes (Makassar!, Kema); Buton !; Ambon; Timor; 

 Ternate; Halmahera; Waigeu !. -- Indie and Pacific: From 

 Red Sea and Madagascar to Philippines, Riu Kiu and Hawaiian- 

 Islands. West-Atlantic : West Indies and Brazil, north to the 

 Bermuda Islands. 



In sea. 



5. Sphyraena japonica Schlegel. 



Sphyraena japonica ? Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poissons III. 1829^.354 



(description insufficient). 



Sphyraena japonica Schlegel, Fauna Japonica 1844 1846, p. 33. 

 Sphyraena japonica Bleeker, Verh. Bat. Gen. XXVI. 1854 1857, Nieuwe Na- 



lezingen Ichth. Japan, p. 67. 

 Sphyraena japonica Bleeker, Act. Soc. Sc. Ind. Neerl. VIII. 1860, Dertiende 



Bijdr. Celebes, p. 37. 

 ? Sphyraena japonica Jordan & Evermann, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. XXV. 1902, p. 333. 



D'.V. I 2;D 2 .8 9; A.II. 7 8; P. i.i i; V. 1.5; L.I. circa no. 



Height 6.6, 7.8 in length with caudal. Head 3, 3.5 in length 

 with caudal. Eye 5.7, 2.4 in snout, slightly more than inter- 

 INDO-AUSTRALIAN FISHES IV. 15 



