22 9 



Habitat: Nias !; Pulu Weh !; Java (Batavia !); Flores !; Celebes 

 (Makassar!, Badjoa, North Celebes); Saleyer; Ambon; Batjan; 

 Ternate ; Rotti !. Ceylon, Philippines, Formosa, North Aus- 

 tralia (Port Darwin). 



8. Sphyraena brachygnathus Blkr. 



SpJiyraena brachygnathos Bleeker, Natuurk. Tijdschr. Ned. Indie VII. 1854, p. 368. 



Verb. Bat. Gen. XXVI. 1854 1857, Bijdr. Sphyraeno'iden p. 21. 

 Sphyraena brachygnathus Kner, Novara Exp. Fische 1865 1867, p. 139. 



D'.V; D a . 1.8 9; A. 2.8 9; P. 2.1 1; V. 1.5; L.I. circa 85. 



Height about 8, about 9.5 in length with caudal. Head 3, 

 3.5 in length with caudal. Eye 4.5, twice in snout, 0.7 of 

 interorbital space and 1.5 in postorbital part of head. Maxil- 

 laries not reaching to frontborder of eye, 2.7 in head. Posterior 

 border of praeoperculum rectangular and somewhat produced 

 into a flexible flap. Operculum without spines! Upper jaw with 

 a series of small teeth and with 2 canines in front. Lower 

 jaw with a series of larger distant vertical teeth, increasing in 

 size posteriorly. Palatines with a series of numerous small 

 teeth and about 7 canines in front of these. Rasplike teeth 

 on tongue. Origin of dorsal far behind that of ventrals, slightly 

 behind tip of pectorals. Distance between the two dorsals twice 

 as much as base of second dorsal. Origin of anal about be- 

 low fourth ray of second dorsal. Pectorals about equal to post- 

 orbital part of head, ventrals somewhat shorter. Caudal forked. 

 Colour of alcohol specimen silvery, brownish above. Length 

 328 mm. [Description after a specimen of BLEEKER'S collection 

 in the Leiden Museum], 



Habitat: Java (Batavia) ; Batj an. Australia (Moreton Bay), 

 Ceylon? (KNER). 



Note. This species is hardly distinguished from 5. langsar, 

 the only difference being its somewhat larger eye. 



3. Fam. MUGILIDAE. 



Oblong, cylindrical anteriorly, more or less compressed poste- 

 riorly. Head usually broad and flattened. Head and body 

 covered with rather large cycloid or ciliated scales. No lateral 

 line, but lateral scales often with a pit or streak. Eyes mode- 



