A FOREIGN INVASION OF ENGLAND 299 



The succeeding illustrations show you in detail 

 the various stages in the process of emergence. 

 No. 8 gives you the beginning of emancipation. 

 The pupa has here bitten its way through the leaf- 

 sheath with its hard, 

 horny jaws, and is pro- 

 truding visibly. Just at 

 first, only the head itself 

 gets free ; then the in- 

 sect rests a while after 

 its ardous labour, and 

 begins wriggling and 

 writhing again, this 

 time working out its 

 body or thorax. After 

 another short interval 

 for recuperation after 

 such a terrific effort, it 

 manages to pull its legs 

 through the hole, and to 

 support itself upon them 

 by resting them like a 

 bracket against the stem 

 of the barley. This is 

 the point just reached 

 in the illustration No. 8. 

 There the pupa stops 

 short, having got himself 



into a convenient position for dispensing with his 

 coverlet ; for the sheath of the barley grasps the 

 pupa-skin tight as in a vice, and he can wriggle 

 his winged body free within it, without paying 



NO. 7. THE CLIMBING PUPA ; 

 BELOW, THE EMPTY CASE. 



