128 UMBELLIFEIUE. [Eryngium. 



acute and often cut segments. JBr. Fl. 1. p. 134. E. FL v. ii. 

 p. 65. E. Bo*, t. 1191. 



Waste dry places, banks, and under walls, not unfrequent. Fl. June, 

 j u ly. . Root fusiform. Stem two to four feet high, striated and 

 spotted with purple, much branched upwards. Leaves large, much 

 divided, when bruised extremely fetid, yielding an extract which has 

 been much employed both in the cure of scrofulous and cancerous ma- 

 ladies, and for the purpose of lowering the pulse. So powerful a plant 

 should be carefully distinguished from its allies, which is best done by 

 its spotted stem, fetid smell, and by the unilateral partial involucres, to- 

 gether with the waved ridges of the fruit. 



C. Umbels Imperfect. 

 (IX. SANICULA TRIES.) 



27. SANICULA. Linn. Sanicle. 



Calyx a leafy margin. Petals erect, converging, obovate, emar- 

 ginate, with an abruptly incurved segment the length of the 

 petals. Fruit terete, nearly round. Carpels densely covered 

 with hooked prickles, no ridges, but many vittoe. Seed half 

 round. Universal and partial involucres of several leaves. 

 Name derived from sano, to heal, because this plant was sup- 

 posed " to make whole and sound all inward wounds and out- 

 ward hurts/* Pentandria. Digynia. 



1. S. europeea, Linn. Wood Sanicle. Radical leaves simple, 

 deeply lobed; flowers all nearly sessile. Br. Fl. 1. p. 135. 

 E. Fl. v. ii. p. 36. E. Bot. t. 98. 



Woods and thickets, frequent. Fl. May, June. !. Leaves mostly 

 radical, finely serrated, almost ciliated. Heads of flowers small, 

 white. 



28. ERYNGIUM. Linn. Eryngo. 



Calyx a 5-toothed leafy margin. Petals erect, converging, ob- 

 long-obovate, emarginate, with an abruptly incurved seg- 

 ment the length of the petal. Fruit subterete, obovate. 

 Carpella covered with scales with neither ridges nor villa. 

 Seed semiterete. Umbels simple. Involucrum many-leaved. 

 Flowers usually blue. Leaves simple. Name e/wXXto* of 

 Dioscorides. Pentandria. Digynia. 



1. E. maritimum, Linn. Sea-Eryngo, Sea- Holly. Radical 

 leaves roundish, plaited, spinous, stalked; upper ones lobed, 

 palmated, amplexicaul, rigid ; involucres longer than the heads ; 

 scales of the receptacle 3-cleft, Br. Fl. 1. p. 135. E. Fl. v. 

 ii. p. '35. E. Bot. t.718. 



Sandy sea-shores, frequent. FL July, Aug. 1. Whole plant very 

 stiff and rigid, glaucous. Leaves and involucres beautifully veiny. 

 Flowers blue, in dense heads, having at first more the appearance of a 



