Lysimachia.] PRIMULACE/E. 193 



with five or ten teeth. Seeds minute, very numerous. 

 Name from primus, first, on account of the early appearance 

 of the flowers in the commonest of the species. 



Pentandria. Monogynia. 



1. P. vitlgariS) Hudson. Common Primrose. Leaves obo- 

 vato-oblong, toothed, wrinkled ; stalk single-flowered ; limb of 

 the corolla flat. Br. Ft. 1 . p. 89. E. Fl. v. i. p. 270. E. Bot. 

 t. 4. P. veris 7. acaulis, Linn. 



Woods, hedge-banks and pastures, abundant. Fl. April, May. 11 . 

 If the scapes are traced to their very base, they will be found to 

 spring from one common point, and to constitute a sessile umbel. 



2. P. elalior, With. Oxlip Primrose. Leaves toothed, 

 wrinkled, contracted towards the middle; stalk many-flowered; 

 limb of the corolla flat. Br. Fl. 1. p. 90. E. FL v. i. p. 270. 

 E. Bot. t. 513. P. veris ft. elatior, Linn. 



In pastures, frequent ; especially in the County of Dublin. Fl. May, 

 June. 1. Flowers numerous, sulphur-coloured or light red. Tho 

 Polyanthus of which there are numerous varieties in gardens belong to 

 this species. 



3. P. 'veris, Linn. Common Cowslip. Leaves toothed, 

 wrinkled, contracted towards the middle ; stalk many-flowered ; 

 limb of the corolla concave. Br. Fl. 1. p. 90. E. FL v.i. p. 

 271. E. Bot. t. 5. P. veris a. qfficinalis, Henslow. 



Meadows and pastures, frequent. Very common in the County of 

 Dublin. FL April, May. !{.. Readily distinguished from the last by 

 its smaller flowers with a concave limb. Many Botanists consider all 

 the three species only varieties of P. veris as LinncBus has done. The 

 two last are often found growing together in open fields. P. acaulis 

 is generally found in sheltered situations under hedges and in thickets 



4. LYSIMACHIA. Linn. Loosestrife. 



Calyx 5-parted. Corolla rotate, 5-cleft. Capsule globose, 

 with five or ten valves. Name in honour of King Lysima- 

 chus, according to some ; according to others from \vrns, a 

 dissolving, pax 7 }-* battle. The English name, it will be at 

 once seen, has a similar meaning. Pliny says it tames res- 

 tive horses. Pentandria. Monogynia. 



* Stalks many-flowered. 



1. L. vulgaris, Linn. Yellow Loosestrife. Clusters pa- 

 nicled, terminal; leaves ovato-lanceolate, acute* Br. Fl. 1. p. 

 88. E. Fl. v. i. p. 278. E. Bot. t. 176. 



Sides of rivers and lakes, also in wet meadows, in the southern, 

 northern and midland counties. Ballypheane bog, and Summerstown 

 bog near Cork ; Mr. J. Drumrtwnd. Frequent in the County of 

 Down and on the low grounds near Lough Neagh, where many acres 



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