208 VERBENACE^E. [Verbena. 



Groves and thickets, (not in meadows as the name would imply), fre- 

 quent. P. on the top of Mangerton where I gathered it in 1805. It has 

 since been observed there by Sir Thomas Gage and others. On Muck- 

 ish and Croagh Patrick ; Doctor Hooker. FL July, Aug. Q. One foot 

 or more high, slender, with straggling, opposite branches. Flowers 

 large, pale yellow. 



2. M. sylvaticum, Linn. Lesser-flowered Cow-wheat. Flowers 

 axillary in distant pairs, turned to one side ; corolla gaping ; 

 lip deflexed ; leaves nearly all entire. Br. Fl. 1. p. 285. E. b'l. 

 v. iii. p. 126. E. BoL t. 804. 



Subalpine woods, rare. Bushy places near Glenarm, County of 

 Antrim ; Mr. Templeton. Errigal banks near Garvagh, County of 

 Derry ; Mr. D.Moore. Fl. July. Q. One foot high. Branches 

 always entire. Corolla deep yellow, very small.- Mr. Moore re- 

 marks that this may be well distinguished from any state of M. pra- 

 tense by its shorter and more obtuse sepals which spread widely from 

 the corolla, and are generally a little reflexed, whereas in M. pratense 

 the two lower ones extend horizontally along the lower lip of the 

 corolla. 



ORD. 58. VERBENACE^E. Juss. Vervain Family. 



Calyx tubular, persistent, inferior. Corolla hypogynous, 

 monopetalous, tubular, deciduous, generally with an irregular 

 limb. Stamens usually 4, didynamous, seldom equal, occa- 

 sionally 2. Ovarium 2 or 4-celled ; ovules erect, solitary or 

 twin ; style 1 ; stigma bifid or undivided. Fruit drupaceous, 

 or baccate. Seeds erect ; albumen none, or in very small quan- 

 tity ; embryo erect. Trees or shrubs, sometimes herbaceous 

 plants. Leaves generally opposite, simple or compound, without 

 stipulce. Flowers in opposite corymbs, or spiked alternately ; 

 sometimes in dense heads, very seldom axillary and solitary. 



1. VERBENA. Linn. Vervain. 



Calyx tubular, with five teeth, one of them generally shorter 

 than the rest. Corolla tubular, with the limb rather unequal, 

 5-cleft. Stamens included, (sometimes only two). Seeds 

 two or four, enclosed in a thin evanescent pericarp. Name ; 

 ferfaen in Celtic, derived from fer, to drive away, and faen, 

 a stone, from having been supposed to cure the complaint so 

 called. Theis. Didynamia. Angiospermia. 



1. V, qfficinalis, Linn. Common Vervain. Stamens four; 

 spikes slender, panicted ; leaves deeply cut; stem mostly 

 solitary. Br. Fl. 1. p. 290. E. Fl. v. iii. p. 71. E. Bot. t. 

 767. 



Road sides and waste ground in a limestone soil. Plentiful near 

 Cork, and Killarney, and at Kilmacannick, County of Wicklow. Fl. 



