Lecidw.} LICHENES. 123 



brown, striated matter, subtended above by a dark brown thin disk, 

 whose surface is rough with projecting points. The apothecia are 

 sometimes clustered, when their border is variously waved. Perhaps 

 what I have called scales may turn out to be the buds ; they are fur 

 more coarse than in the preceding species, nor do they contain the 

 apothecia immersed among them. 



29. L. pulvinata. Thallus indeterminate, pulvinate ; the 

 substratum thick, cracked, dark-brown, brittle; scales tumid, 

 minute, rotundo-lobate, conglomerate, of a dull whitish brown ; 

 apothecia on the substratum, black, at length globose and im- 

 marginate. 



On moss, associated with Jungermannia julacea, on Mangerton, as 

 also at Dereenafinchy mountain, County of Kerry. Patches of the thallas 

 form cushions two or three inches in diameter. Carelessly viewed, the 

 upper layer of the thallus would appear to be crustaceous and granu- 

 late, but the real structure exhibits aggregate sublobate scales, of a dull 

 pale brown ; in which respect it is very different from the preceding, 

 but still more decidedly so in the structure of the apothecia. These 

 are at first mere minute points, then concave, with a thick border, at 

 length far exceeding the scales in size, very convex and inmarginate. 

 Dissection can scarcely discriminate the disk from the lamina proli- 

 gera, which is subjacent in a very thin layer, and is transparent and 

 pale, resting on much coal-black opaque matter, which fills the greater 

 part of the apothecium. This would be arranged by some botanists 

 under the genus Psora of Hoffman. It is allied to the foreign Zee. 

 Wahlenbergii, Ach. 



30. L. Templefoni. Thallas filmy, continuous, investing, 

 with roundish, minute elevations, indeterminate, whitish-grey ; 

 apothecia black, plane, at length very convex, wrinkled and con- 

 fluent, with the border disappearing. 



On moss, near Belfast, Mr. Templeton: on turf, near Bantry, Miss 

 Hutchins. Patches roundish, from one to three inches in diameter ; 

 the thallus when wet of a greenish-grey. The border of the apothecia 

 is entire, though often waved. Dissection shows the lamina proligera 

 to be extremely thin, pale brownish -grey, and pellucid when moist, 

 lying upon an opaque black substance, forming the principal part of 

 each apothecium, and which, seen through the transparent disk and 

 lamina proligera y causes the apothecia to appear black : the disk can- 

 not be distinguished from the upper surface of the lamina proligera. 

 This species approaches, as to characters, the L. arthonioides, of Ach. 

 L. Un. p. 178, except that the apothecia are never " scabrid or pulve- 

 rulent as in the Spilomata? 



31. L. synothea, ACH. Thallus indeterminate, leproso-tarta- 

 reous, flocculoso-granulate, uneven, subgelatinous, pale sooty- 

 brown ; apothecia minute, numerous, somewhat crowded, dull 

 brownish-black, at length convex and immarginate ; the lamina 

 proligera shallow, supported on much whitish matter. Ach. L. 



Un. p. 169. Eng. Bot. t. 2711. 



On pales, near Belfast, Mr. Templeton. Thallus thin, rugged when 

 dry, of a lighter colour when wet, and then the granulations appear 

 more rounded. The narrow margin of the apothecia observable in 



