f)ow tbc Gclcpbone (Talks. 151 



although the circuits are very much 

 r than they were some years ago. The 

 repeater is an instrument that repeats a mes- 

 automatically from one circuit to another. 

 For instance, if Chicago is sending a message 

 to New York through two circuits, the division 

 bring in Buffalo, the repeater will be located 

 at Buffalo and under the control of both the 

 operator at Chicago and the operator in New 

 York. When Chicago is sending, one part of 

 the repeater works in unison with the Chicago 

 key jind is the key to the New York circuit, 

 which begins at Buffalo. When New York is 

 sending the other part of the repeater operates, 

 whieh becomes a key which repeats the mes- 

 sage to the Chicago line. In this way the 

 practical result is the same as though the cir- 

 cuit were complete from New York to Chi- 

 cago. At the present day some of the copper 

 wires and perhaps some of the larger iron 

 are used direct from Chicago to New 

 York without repetition, but all messages be- 

 tween New York and San Francisco are auto- 

 mat ieally repeated at least twice and under 

 in renditions of weather oftener. I can 

 remember that in wet weather in the old days, 

 with sueh wires as they had then (being No. 

 i) mm with bad joints, whieh gave the circuit 

 a hi-li resistance) that the<e repeaters would 



!" inserted at Toledo, Cleveland, Buffalo and 

 Albany in order to work from Chicago to New 



