a falls power BppUance0. 191 



ground. To put it in other words, the cellar 

 or pit under the power-house is 180 feet deep 

 and communicates with the great tunnel, 

 which has its outlet below the falls. 



Each of the ten dynamos is driven by a tur- 

 bine water-wheel situated near the bottom of 

 the pit heretofore described. The turbine- 

 wheel is on the lower end of a continuous 

 shaft, which reaches from a point near the 

 bottom of the tunnel to a point ten or fifteen 

 feet above the floor of the power-house (which 

 is about on a level with the surface of the 

 ground). 



Tli is shaft is incased in a water-tight cylin- 

 der of such diameter as will admit a sufficient 

 amount of water, and connects with the tur- 

 bine wheel at the bottom in the ordinary way. 

 The water is admitted into the top of this 

 cylinder from the canal, so that the wheel is 

 under the pressure of a falling column of 

 r over 140 feet high. The water, forcing 

 iy out at the bottom through the turbine, 

 revolves it and its long, upward-reaching shaft 

 with great power, and enables it to work the 

 dynamos in the power-house above, as will be 

 described. The water discharges through the 

 wheel in such a manner as to lift the whole 

 shaft, thus taking away the tremendous end- 

 thrust downward that would otherwise inter- 

 fere greatly with tin- running of the machine 

 through friction. After the water has done 



