THE STEM 



61 



and merely place them in position ; the disadvantage of 

 this method is that they are very liable to slip. Means 

 must be taken, therefore, to prevent this, and it is usual 

 to cut a notch in the end of the stock and a correspond- 

 ing tongue or projection at the end of the scion ; or the 

 end of the stock may be trimmed to a wedge, and in the 

 scion a Y-shaped incision made to fit accurately over 

 the wedge. The form of the joint adopted may be 

 varied indefinitely, but the great object to be kept 

 steadily in view is the bringing of the cambial regions 

 of the two cut surfaces into close contact and retaining 

 them there. 



Grafting a small scion on to a large stock : In this 

 case, as the cambium only forms a narrow ring near 

 the outer margin of the stock, 

 it is essential that the scion 

 be placed here also. The 

 simplest method of working 

 is as follows : Trim the end 

 of the scion to a long wedge 

 and thrust this wedge into 

 the cambium of the stock, 

 that is, between its wood and 

 bark. Another method is to 

 cut a V- sna P e d piece of bark ,-, , cu . 



v FlG. 6. Showing 



til 



grafting a small 

 large stock. 



a method of 

 scion on to a 



from the stock, carrying the 

 incision deep enough to re- 

 move a portion of the wood also (see Fig. 6). Then cut 

 the end of the scion to a corresponding shape and fit it 

 into the stock, and, having taken care to leave the bark 

 undisturbed on one side of the scion, bring it into posi- 



