FLOWERS AND FRUITS 155 



round. Others must be examined as occasion offers. 

 In the text the tulip, lily, evening primrose, etc., were 

 suggested because they are large and their parts are 

 easily distinguishable, but many of the others will serve 

 almost equally well. 



In all cases endeavour to distinguish the sepals, 

 petals, stamens and pistil. Make enlarged drawings of 

 the stamens and pistils, and show the parts of which 

 they are composed, and the stages in the progress of the 

 young ovary into the ripe fruit. 



Note carefully those plants which have stamens and 

 pistil in the same flower, and those which have them in 

 separate flowers. Examine the flowers for honey, and 

 make a list of all the flowers found which contain honey. 



Under cultivation the stamens of many plants have 

 lost their original character, and have become converted 

 into petal-like structures, thus giving rise to what are 

 known as " double flowers" Many of these flowers form 

 no seeds, owing to the fact that they have lost the pollen- 

 bearing stamens, which, as we have already learnt, are 

 necessary for the production of seed. Many varieties of 

 roses, geranium, balsams, and hollyhocks furnish good 

 examples for examination. 



The flowers of grasses and cereals have no sepals 

 and petals in the ordinary sense of the words. They 

 have a number of scaly structures instead, but their 

 stamens and pistils are, as a rule, easy to find. Examine 

 some of the following : wheat, barley, maize, and the 

 common meadow grasses. 



Examine the " flower " of the sunflower. The yellow 

 structures around the edge are very different from 



