SCUDDEB. NORTH AMEEICAN CEUTHOPHILI. 17 



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THE NORTH AMERICAN CEUTHOPHILI^ 

 BY SAMUEL H. SCUDDER. 



Presented May 9, 1894 



THE Ceuthophili are wingless Locustarians in which the tarsi are 

 distinctly compressed rather than depressed, with no pulvilli,* the hind 

 tibiae furnished on the outer margins above with spines of two distinct 

 grades,f the fore femora without foramina or genicular spines, the 

 hind femora with the angle of their insertion on the inner and not on 

 the outer side beneath, and the antennae strongly approximated at 

 base. They are all apterous. 



With the exception of the genus Troglophilus Krauss, with two 

 species from European caverns, and the genus Talitropis Bol., with a 

 single species from New Zealand, placed respectively at one and the 

 other end of the series, they are known only from America ; and with 

 the further exception of Heteromallus Brunner, with two species 

 from Chili, they are all peculiar to the United States and Northern 

 Mexico. Here they include six genera and sixty-seven species, the 

 genus Ceuthophilus alone containing above fifty species. The larger 

 proportion of them, if not all (excepting Udeopsylla nigrd), frequent 

 dark places, such as burrows, pits, caverns, wells, hollow trees, and 

 especially the crevices beneath fallen logs. 



They were first made known in this country by the descriptions of 

 Haldeman, Girard, and Harris, and before their time only a single 

 species from this country had been described, by Burmeister. Not a 

 species of the group, even the European, was known to Serville. My 

 first systematic paper, in 1861, was a study of " Rhaphidophora " 

 (Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., VIII.) where seven of our species were 



* Brunner states that Gammarotettix has a single pulvillus on the first tarsal 

 joint; but although the treading surface of this joint (as of the succeeding) is 

 broad, I can find no indication of a true pulvillus. 



t This feature is obscure in Gammarotettix, where there are alternating 

 longer and shorter spines of such slight inequality as easily to be overlooked, 

 and which in the Table of Genera given below is ignored. 

 VOL. xxx. (N. s. xxn ) 2 





