154 



PROTOZOA. 



[ARC. BAT. 



Archseocyathellus, Ford, 1873, Am. Jour. Sci. 

 and Arts, 3d ser., vol. 6, p. 135, syn. 

 for Ethmopbyllum. 



ARCH^OCYATHUS, Billings, 1861. Pal. Foss., 

 vol. 1, p. 3, and 354. [Ety. arche, be- 

 ginning; cyathus, cup.] An elongated, 

 cylindrical, sponge-like body ; large end 

 open ; central cavity lined by an end- 

 otheca and external surface by an 

 epitheca ; intervening space being rilled 

 with poriferous and cellular tissue ; 

 walls perforated. Type A. atlanticus. 



FIG. 89. Archseocyathus atlanticus. 

 a, reduced ; 6, transverse section. 



atlanticus, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., vol. 

 1, p. 5, Up. Taconic. 



billingsi, Walcott, 1886, Bull. U. 8. Geo. 

 Sur., No. 30, p. 74, Up. Taconic. 



mingo.nensis, see Ethmophyllum mingan- 

 ense, though Hinde has made it the 

 type of a new genus, Archseoscyphia. 



profundus, see Ethmophyllutn profundum. 



rensselasricus, see Ethmophyllum renssel- 



sericum. 



ASTR^EOSPONGIA, Roemer, 1860, Sil. Fauna 

 d. West Tenn., p. 13. [Ety. aster, star; 

 spongia, sponge,] Globular or disk-like, 

 free sponge composed of regular star- 

 shaped spicules, without order, no 

 epitheca or canals. Type A. men- 

 iscus. 



hamiltonensis, Meek & Worthen, 1866, 

 Proc. Chi. Acad. Sci., vol.1, p. 12, Ham. 

 Gr. 



meniscus, Roemer, 1848, (Blumenbachium 

 meniscus,) Leonh. and Bronn's Jahrb., 

 p. 683, Niagara Gr. 



FIG. 90. Astrseospongia meniscus. 



ASTROCONIA, Sollas, 1881, Quar. Jour. Geo. 

 Soc. Lond., vol. 37, p. 254. [Ety. aster, 

 star; kvnia, dust.] Founded upon the 

 appearance of various spiculse in a 

 grayish silicious dolomite. Characters 

 not distinct. Type A. granti. The 

 name was preoccupied by Edwards & 

 Haime in 1848. 



granti, Sollas, 1881, Quar. Jour. Geo. Soc. 

 Lond., vol. 37, p. 254, Niagara Gr. 



ASTYLOSPONGIA, Roemer, 1860, Sil. Fauna d. 

 West Tenn., p. 7. [Ety. astylos, without 

 a pillar; spongia, sponge.] Globular or 

 disk-like, free sponge ; inner texture 

 formed of small, regular, star-shaped 

 spicules, connected by their rays ; 

 canals running from the center to the 

 surface crossed by concentric canals. 

 Type A. prsemorsa. 



bursa, Hall, 1876, 28th Rep. N. Y. St. 

 Mus. Nat. Hist., p. 105, Niagara Gr. 



Christiana, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo. 

 Sur. 111., vol. 3, p. 344, Niagara Gr. 



imbricato-articulata, Roemer, 1848, (Siph- 

 onia imbricato-articulata,) Leonh. and 

 Bronn's Jahrb., p. 685, and Sil. Fauna 

 d. West Tenn., p. 12, Niagara Gr. 



inciso-lobata, Roemer, 1848, (Spongia in- 

 ciso-lobata,) Leonh. and Bronn'a Jahrb., 

 p. 685, and Sil. Fauna d. West Tenn., 

 p. 11, Niagara Gr. 



inornate, Hall, 1863, 16th Rep. N. Y. St. 

 Mus. Nat. Hist., p. 70, syn. for Hindia 



parvula, Billings, 1861, Pal. Foss., vol. 1, 



p. 20, Trenton Gr. 

 perryi, Billings, 1861, Geo. Vermont, p. 



957, Black Riv. Gr. 

 prsemorsa, Goldfuss, 1826, (Siphonia prge- 



morsa,) Petref. Germ., p. 17, and Sil. 



Fauna, d. West Tenn., p. 8, Niagara Gr. 



FIG. 91. Astylospongia prsemorsa. Vertical 

 section, snowing cup. 



stellatim-sulcata, Roemer, 1848, (Spongia 

 stellatim-sulcata,) Leonh. and Bronn's 

 Jahrb., p. 686, and Sil. Fauna West 

 Tenn., p. 11, Niagara Gr. 



AULOCOPINA, Billings, 1875, Can. Nat. and 

 Geol., vol. 7, p. 230. [Ety. aulokopeo, 

 cut into pipes.] Elongate, ovate, or 

 pyriform ; upper face concave, with an 

 osculum in the center, from which 

 ridges radiate over the surface and de- 

 scend to the base ; the osculum is the 

 opening of a central cavity, from which 

 smaller branching canals radiate. Type 

 A. granti. 



granti, Billings, 1875, Can. Nat. and Geol., 

 vol. 7, p. 231, Niagara Gr. 



BATOSPONGIA, Ulrich, (in press,) Geo. Sur. 

 111., vol. 8. p. 246. [Ety. balos, prickly 

 bush; spongia, sponge.] Subhemispher- 

 ical or subglobose, consisting of small, 

 inosculating, subcylindrical or flattened 



