166 



PROTOZOA. 



[STR. UPH. 



incrustans, see Caunopora incrustans. 

 mammillata, Nicholson, 1873, Ann. and 



Mag. Nat. Hist., 4th ser., vol. 12, p. 92, 



Corniferous Gr. 

 m&nticulifera, see Coenostroma monticulif- 



erum. 

 nodulata, Nicholson, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 



2, p. 249, Corniferous Gr. 

 nulliporoides, Nicholson, 1875, Pal. Prov. 



Ont., p. 78, Ham. Gr. 

 nux, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low. Penin. 



Mich., p. 91, Ham. Gr. 

 ostiolata, Nicholson, 1873, Ann. and Mag. 



Nat. Hist., 4th ser., vol. 12, p. 90, 



Guelph Gr. 

 perforata, Nicholson, 1874, Ann. and Mag. 



Nat. Hist., 4th ser., vol. 13, and Pal. 



Prov. of Ont., p. 15, Corniferous Gr. 

 ponderosa, Nicholson, 1875, Ohio Pal., 



vol. 2, p. 246, Corniferous Gr. 

 pustulifera, see Ccenostroma pustuliferum. 

 pustviosa, Safford. Not defined. 

 solidula, see Coenostroma solidulum. 

 subcylindrica, James, 1885, Jour. Cin. Soc. 



Na't. Hist., vol. 7, p. 20, Hud. Riv. Gr. 



Poorly defined. Not a Strom atopora. 



None have been found in Lower Silu- 

 rian rocks, 

 substriatella, Nicholson, 1875, Ohio Pal., 



vol. 2, p. 248, Corniferous Gr. 

 tuberculata, Nicholson, 1873, Ann. and 



Mag. Nat. Hist., 4th ser., vol. 12, p. 90, 



Corniferous Gr. 

 verrucosa, Troost, 1840, 5th Geo. Rep. Tenn., 



p. 66, Devonian ? Not recognized. 

 STROTOSPONGIA, Ulrich & Everett, (in 



press,) Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 8, p. 276. 



[Ety. strotos, twisted; spongia, sponge.] 



Funnel-shaped, composed of thin, 



intricately intertwined vertical leaves, 



arranged radiately around oscula; 



cloacal depressions, having apertures 



of vertical tubes in them ; sponge-wall 



traversed by intertwined canals, having 



perforated thin walls; spicules minute, 



three-rayed. Type S. maculosa. 

 maculosa, Ulrich & Everett, (in press,) 



Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 8, p. 277, Trenton Gr. 

 llum, Ulrich, (in press,) Geo. 

 5ur. 111., vol. 8, p. 250. The name was 



preoccupied by Edwards & Haime. 



FIG. 125. Syringostroma columnare. 



SYRINGOSTROMA, Nicholson, 1875, Ohio Pal., 

 vol. 2, p. 251. [Ety. syrinx, pipe ; strrnna, 

 layer.] Massive, composed of con- 



centric lamina?, and vertical pillars 

 firmly amalgamated. It is intimately 

 related to Stromatopora. Type S. co- 

 lumnare. 

 columnare, Nicholson, 1875, Ohio Pal., 



vol. 2, p. 253, Corniferous Gr. 

 densum, Nicholson, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 

 2, p. 251, Corniferous Gr. 



Textularia palseotroctius, see Valvulina palseo- 

 trochus. 



THAMNODICTYA, Hall, 1884, 35th Rep. N. Y. 

 St. Mus. Nat. Hist, p 466. [Ety. tham- 

 nos, shrub; dictuon, net.] Fronds tubular 

 below, rapidly expanding and cyathi- 

 form or infundibuliform above, with 

 twelve strong, longitudinal ridges di- 

 viding the surface into twelve areas. 

 Substance reticulate. Type T. new- 

 berryi. 



newberryi, Hall, 

 1863, (Dictyo- 

 phyton newber- 

 ryi,) 16th Rep. N. 

 Y. St. Mus. Nat. 

 Hist., p. 87, Wa- 

 verly Gr. 



TRACHYUM, Billings, 

 1865, Pal. Foss., 

 vol.l,p.211.[Ety. 

 trachus, rough, 

 rugged.] Turbi- 

 nate or cylindri- 

 cal, with a cup 

 on the upper sur- 

 face. It has a 

 close texture, without large canals. 

 Type T. cyathifonne. 



FIG. 127. Trachyum cyathifonne. 



cyathiforme, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 

 1, p. 211, Quebec Gr. 



rugosum, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1, 



p. 212, Quebec Gr. 



TRICHOSPONGIA, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 

 1, p. 357. [Ety. trichias, to show hairs; 

 spongia, sponge.] Large, rudely hemi- 

 spheric, minutely fibrous, and full of 

 elongate cylindrical or acerate spicules, 

 just visible to the naked eye. There 

 are also numerous irregular branching 

 canals. Type T. sericea. 



sericea, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss, vol. 1, p. 



257, Calciferous Gr. 



UPHANT^NIA, Vauuxem, 1842, Geo. Rep. 3d 

 Dist, N. Y., p. 183. [Ety. uphantos, 

 woven; tainia, ribbon.] Composed of 

 ligulate radiating and concentric bands, 

 the reticulations being produced by the 

 substance of the frond, and not by su- 

 perficial strise. For many ytars it was 

 supposed to represent a marine plant. 

 Type U. chemungensis. 



