CEN. CHO.] 



BRACHIOPODA. 



339 



schlotheimi, Von Buch, 1834, (Terebra- 

 tulites schlotheimi,) Mem. de la Soc. 

 Geol., vol. 3, p. 138, Permian Gr. 



subtrigona, Meek & Worthen, 1860, 

 (Rhynchonella subtrigona,) Proc. Acad. 

 Nat. Sci. Phil., p. 451, and Geo. Sur. 111., 

 vol. 2, p. 251, Keokuk Gr. 



swallovana, Shumard, 1859, Trans. St. 

 Louis Acad. Sci., vol. 1, p. 394, Per- 

 mian Gr. 



wortheni, Hall, 1858, (Rhynchonella wor- 

 theni,) Trans. Alb. Inst., vol. 4, p. 11, and 

 Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., p. 54, War- 

 saw Gr. 



CENTRONELLA, Billings, 1859, Can. Nat. and 

 Geo., vol. 4, p. 131. [Ety. a little point.] 

 General form like Terebratula ; dorsal 

 valve with a loop consisting of two 

 ribbon-like lamellae, which extend about 

 half the length of the shell, at first 

 curving outward and then approaching 

 until their lower extremities meet at 

 an acute angle ; here they unite and are 

 reflected backward toward the beak in 

 a thin, flat, vertical plate; near their 

 origin each bears upon the ventral 

 side a single triangular crural process. 

 Type C. glansfagea. 



allii, Winchell, 1865, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., 

 p. 123, Waverly or Marshall Gr. 



alveata, Hall, 1857, (Rhynchonella al- 

 veata,) 10th Rep. N. Y. St. Mus. Nat. 

 Hist., p. 124, Onondaga Gr. 



anna, Hartt, 1868, Acad. Geol., p. 300, 

 Subcarb. 



billingsana, Meek & Worthen, 1868, Geo. 

 Sur. 111., vol. 3, p. 352, Niagara Gr. 



crassicardinalis.Whitfield, 1882, Bull.Ann. 

 Mus. Nat. Hist., No. 3, p. 55, War- 



flora, Winchell, 1879, Proc. Am. Phil. 



Soc., vol. 12, p. 254, Marshall Gr. 

 glansfagea, Hall, 1857, (Rhynchonella 

 glansfagea,) 10th Rep. N. Y. St. Mus. 

 Nat. Hist., p. 125, and Pal.N. Y., vol. 4, 

 p. 399, Schoharie grit, Cornif. Gr. and 

 Oriskany sandstone. 



glaucia, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4, p. 

 403, Ham. Gr. 



hecate, Bil 1 i n g s , 

 1861, Can. Jour, 

 vol. 6, p. 272, Up. 

 Held. Gr. 

 impressa, Hall, 

 1861, 14th Rep. 

 N. Y. St. Mus. 

 Nat. Hist., p. 

 102, and Pal. N. Y., vol. 4, p. 402, 

 Ham. Gr. Prof. Billings said this is a 

 syn. for C. hecate. 



julia, Winchell, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat. 

 Sci. vol. 14, p. 405, and Pal. N. Y., vol. 

 4, p. 419, Marshall Gr. 

 ovata, Hall, 1867, Pal. N. Y., vol. 4, p. 419, 



Up. Held. Gr. 



Charianella, Billings, 1861, Can. Jour. Ind. 

 Sci., and Art, p. 148, syn. for Meristella. 

 circe, see Meristella circe. 

 doris, see Meristella doris. 



FIG. 5-18. Ce ntronella 

 hecate. a, Showing loop; 

 6, c, and d, different 



views. 



(?) hyale, see Meristella hyale. 

 CHONETES, Fischer, 1837, Oryckt. Moscou, 

 p. 134. [Ety. chone, a little cup.] Shell 

 thin, semi-cylindrical, transverse section 

 semi-oval, ventral valve convex, dorsal 

 concave hinge-line straight; external 

 margin of the area of ventral valve 

 bearing a row of tubular spines, fora- 

 men distinct but partially closed by 

 a pseudo-deltidium ; dorsal valve with a 

 cardinal process, simple at the base, but 

 bifid orgrooved at the extremity ; valves 

 articulated by teeth, surface radiately 

 striated, often spinous, interior pustii- 

 lose or papillose. Type C. arcinulatus. 



acutiradiatus, Hall, 1843, (Strophomena 

 acutiradiata,) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y., 



6171, and Pal. N. Y., vol. 4, p. 120, Up. 

 eld. Gr. 

 antiope, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2, 



p. 19, Low Devonian, 

 arcuatus, Hall, 1857, 10th Rep. N. Y. St. 



Mus. Nat. Hist., p. 116, and Pal. N. Y., 



vol. 4, p. 119, Up. Held. Gr. 

 armatus, DeKoninck, the specimens re- 

 ferred to this species belong to C. 



pusillus. 

 canadensis, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 



2, p. 17, Lower Devonian, 

 carinatus, Conrad, 1842, (Strophomena 



carinata,) Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 8, 



6257, and Pal. N. Y., vol. 4, p. 133, 

 am. Gr. 



complanatus, Hall, 1857, 10th Rep. N. Y. 

 St. Mus. Nat. Hist., p. 56, and Pal. N. Y., 

 vol. 3, p. 418, Oriskany sandstone. 



cornutus, Hall, 1843, (Strophomena cor- 

 nuta,) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y,, and 

 Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, p. 64, Clinton Gr. 



dawsoni, Billings, 1874, Pal. Foss., vol. 2, 

 p. 18, Low. Devonian. 



deflectus, Hall, 1857, 10th Rep. N. Y. St 

 Mus. Nat. Hist., p. 149, and Pal. N. Y., 

 vol. 4, p. 126, Ham. Gr. 



emmetensis, Winchell, 1866, Rep. Low. 

 Penin. Mich., p. 92, Ham. Gr. 



filistriatus, Walcott, 1885, Monogr. U. S. 

 Geo. Sur., vol. 8, p. 127, Devonian. 



fischeri, Norwood & Pratten, 1854, Jour. 

 Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 3, p. 25, Kinder- 

 hook Gr. 



flemingi, Norwood & Pratten, 1854, Jour. 

 Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 3, p. 26, Permian Gr. 



geinitzanus, N. Sp., Up. Coal Meas. Pro- 

 posed instead of C. glabra of Geinitz in 

 Carb. und Dyas |in Neb., p. 60, tab. 4, 

 fig. 15 to 18, which name was pre- 

 occupied. 



geniculatus, White, 1862, Proc. Bost. Soc. 

 Nat. Hist., vol. 9, ,p. 29, Waverly or 

 Marshall Gr. 



gibbosa, syn. for C. deflectus. 



glaber, Hall, 1857, 10th Rep.N. Y. St. Mus 

 Nat. Hist., p. 117, Up. Held. Gr. 



glabra, Geinitz, 1866, Carb. und Dyas. 

 The name was preoccupied. See C. 

 geinitzanus. 



granuliferus, Owen, 1852, Geo. Rep. Wis.. 

 Iowa, and Minn., p. 583, Coal Meas 



