400 



GASTEROPODA. 



[CAL. CYC. 



FIG. 659. Cari- 

 naropsis patel- 

 liformis. 



triplicatus, Swallow, 1858, Trans. St. Louis 

 Acad. Sci., vol. 1, p. 205, Coal Meas. 



CARINAROPSIS, Hall, 1847, Pal. 

 N. Y., vol. 1, p. 183. 

 [Ety. from its resem- 

 blance to Carinaria.'] 

 Shell subconical, patel- 

 liform ; apex incurved 

 or convolute, subcen- 

 tral ; aperture oval, ex- 

 panded, narrowed pos- 

 teriorly. Type C. carinata. 

 carinata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, p. 



183, Trenton Gr. 

 orbiculata, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, 



p. 306, Hud. Riv. Gr. 

 patelliformis, Hall, 1847, Pal. N. Y., vol. 



1, p. 183, Trenton and Hud. Riv. Grs. 

 Chemnitzia, D'Orbigny, 1837, Mollusques, 

 Echinodermes, Foraminiferes et Pol- 

 ypiers, etc. Slender, elongated, many 

 whorled, plaited; apex sinistral; aper- 

 ture simple, ovate; peristome incom- 

 plete ; operculum horny ; subspiral. 

 Type C. elegantissima. Not an Ameri- 

 can Palaeozoic genus. 

 attenuata, see Loxonema attenuatum. 

 parva, see Loxonema parvum. 

 swallovana, see Loxonema swallovanum. 

 tenuilineata, see Loxonema tenuilineatum. 

 Chiton, Linnaeus, 1758, 

 Syst. Nat., ed. 10, p. 

 667. [Ety. chiton, a 

 coat of mail.] Shell 

 composed of eight 

 transverse imbricat- 

 ing plates, lodged 

 in a coriaceous man- 

 tle, which forms an 

 expanded margin 

 round the body. 

 Type C. squamosus. 

 Not an American 

 Palaeozoic genus. 

 canadensis, see Metop- 



toma canadense. 

 carbonarius, Stevens, 1859, Am. Jour. 

 . Sci., vol. 25, p. 264, and Geo. Sur. 111., 

 vol. 5, p. 608. Probably a crustacean, 

 Coal Meas. 

 parvus, Stevens, 1859, Am. Jour. Sci., vol. 



25, p. 264, Coal Meas. 



CLISOSPIRA, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., yol. 1, 

 p. 186 and 420. 

 [Ety. kleio, to 

 lock ; spira, 

 whorl.] Shell 

 conical ; aper- 

 ture widely ex- 

 panded all 

 round in a 

 plane at a right 

 angle to the longitudinal axis of the 

 conical spire; suture in the spire, but 

 obsolete below. Type C. curiosa. 

 curiosa, Billings, 1865, Pal. Foss., vol. 1, 



pp. 186 and 420, Up. Taconic. 

 lirata, Whitfield, 1886, Bull. Am. Mus. 

 Nat. Hist, vol. 1, p. 308, Birdseye Gr. 



FIG. 660. Chiton 

 squamosus. 



FIG. 661. Clisospira 

 curiosa. 



occidentalis, Whitfield, 1878, Ann. Rep. 

 Geo. Sur. Wis., p. 75, and Geo. Wis., 

 vol. 4, p. 222, Trenton Gr. 

 CODONOCHILUS, Whiteaves, 1884, Pal. Foss., 

 vol. 3, p. 17. [Ety. kodon, a 

 trumpet; chettos, lip.] Tur- 

 reted, subfusiform ; volutions 

 numerous, compressed, close- 

 ly inrolled ; outer half of body 

 whorl produced obliquely 

 outward and downward ; lip 

 thin, expanded ; aperture 

 nearly circular. Type C. p ^ _ 

 striatum. Codono- 



striatum, Whiteaves, 1884, Pal. c h i i u s 

 Foss., vol. 3, p. 17, Guelph Gr. sWatum. 

 CONCHOPELTIS, Walcott, 1876, 28th Rep. 

 N. Y., Mus. Nat. Hist., p. 93. [Ety. 

 conche, shell ; pelie, shield.] Patelliform, 

 more or less conical, apex central or 

 subcentral, vertically striated, older 

 specimens lined concentrically. Type 

 C. alternata. 

 alternata, Walcott, 1876, 28th Rep. N. Y. 



Mus. Nat. Hist., p. 93, Trenton Gr. 

 minnesotensis, Walcott, 1876, 28th Rep. 

 N. Y. Mus. Nat. Hist., p. 94, Trenton Gr. 

 CYCLONEMA, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, 

 p. 89. [Ety. kuklos, circle ; nema, thread.] 

 Turbinate, thin, whorls ventricose, 

 striae concentric and crossed by oblique 

 lines of growth ; no umbilicus ; mouth 

 rounded and with an im- 

 perfect peritreme; inner 

 lip thin, closely reflected, 

 and a little concave. Type 

 C. bilix. 



bellulum, Billings, 1866, 

 Catal. Sil. Foss. Antic., p. 

 55, Anticosti Gr. 

 bilix, Conrad, 1842, (Pleuro- 

 tomaria bilix,) Jour. Acad. 

 Nat. Sci., vol. 8, p. 271, and 

 Pal. N. Y., vol. 1, p. 305, 

 Trenton and Hud. Riv. Grs. 

 bilix var. conicum, S. A. Miller, 1874, 

 Cin. Quar. Jour. Sci., vol. 1, p. 320, Hud. 

 Riv. Gr. 



bilix var. fluctuatum, James, 1874, (Cyclp- 



nema fluctuata,) Cin. Quar. Jour. Sci., 



vol. 1, p. 152, Hud. Riv. Gr. 



cancellatum, Hall, 1843, (Littorina cancel- 



lata,) Geo. Rep. 4th Dist. N. Y., p. 72, 



and Pal. N. Y., vol. 2, p. 90, Clinton Gr. 



cincinnatiense, S. A. Miller, 1882, Jour. 



Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 5, p. 230, Utica 



Slate Gr. 



commune, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss. 



Antic., p. 55, Anticosti Gr. 

 concinnum, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian 

 Foss., pi. 12, and Pal. N. Y., vol. 5, pt. 

 2, p. 38, Chemung Gr. 

 crenistria, Hall, 1876, Illust. Devonian 



Foss., pi. 12, Schoharie grit. 

 crenulatum, Meek, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat. 

 Sci., p. 79, and Ohio Pal., vol. 1, p. 213, 

 Up. Held. Gr. 



decorum, Billings, 1866, Catal. Sil. Foss. 

 Antic., p. 56, Anticosti Gr. 



FIG. 663.-Cy- 

 clonema bi- 

 lix. 



