626 



BATRACH1A. 



[SPH. TUD. 



SPHENACODON, Marsh, 1878, Am. Jour. Sci., 

 and Arts, 3d ser., vol. 15, p. 410. [Ety. 

 sphen, a wedge; akis, a barb; odous, 

 tooth.] Type S. ferox. 



ferox, Marsh, 1878, Am. Jour. Sci. and 



Arts, 3d ser., vol. 15, p. 410, Permian. 

 SPH^ROPBZIUM, King, 1845, Am. Jour. Sci. 

 and Arts, vol. 48, p. 345. [Ety. sphaira, 

 sphere ; pezia, sole of the foot.] Founded 

 upon tracks representing a round de- 

 pression for the ball of the foot, and 

 five depressions for digits. Type S. lep- 

 todactylum. 



leptodactylum, King, 1845, Am. Jour. Sci. 

 and Arts, vol. 48, p. 345, Coal Meas. 



ovidactylum, King, 1845, Am. Jour. Sci. 

 and Arts, vol. 48, p. 347, Coal Meaa. 



pachydactylum, King, 1845, Am. Jour. 

 Sci. and Arts, vol. 48, p. 346, Coal 

 Meas. 



tbaerodactylum, King, 1845, Am. Jour. 

 Sci. and Arts, vol. 48, p. 346, Coal 



THENAROPUS, King, 1845, Am. Jour. Sci. and 

 Arts, vol. 48, p. 343. [Ety. tlienaros, 

 palm of the hand ; pous, foot.] Founded 

 upon tracks. Type T. heterodactylus. 



heterodactylus, King, 1845, Am. Jour. 

 Sci. and Arts, vol. 48, Coal Meas. 



leptodactylus, King, 1845, Am. Jour. Sci. 

 and Arts, vol. 48, Coal Meas. 



ovidactylus, King, 1845, Am. Jour. Sci. 

 and Arts, vol. 48, Coal Meas. 



pachydactylus, King, 1845, Am. Jour. Sci. 

 and Arts, vol. 48, Coal Meas. 



sphserodactylus, King, 1845, Am. Jour. 



Sci. and Arts, vol. 48, Coal Meas. 

 THEROPLEURA, Cope, 1878, Pal. Bull. No. 29, 

 and Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., vol. 17, p. 

 519. [Ety. thero, to burn ; pleura, side.] 

 Pelycosaurian reptiles with free neural 

 arch, and a capitular costal articulation 

 on the centrum, and no known inter- 

 centrum ; neural spines not elongate ; 

 teeth equal. Type T. retroversa. 



obtusidens, Cope, 1880, Pal. Bull. No. 

 32, p. 4, Permian. 



retroversa, Cope, 1878, Pal. Bull. No. 29, 

 and Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., vol. 17, p. 



519, Permian. 



triangulata, Cope, 1878, Pal. Bull. No. 29, 

 and Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., vol. 17, p. 



520, Permian. 



uniformis, Cope, 1878, Pal. Bull. No. 29, 

 and Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., vol. 17, p. 

 519, Permian. 



THYHSIDIUM, Cope, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2, 

 p. 365. [Ety. thyrsos, a rod with leaves.] 

 Founded upon a latero-inferior view of 

 the spinal column; diapophyses en- 

 larged, fan-like; centra contracted; 

 abdomen protected by hair-like rods in 

 chevron, with angle directed forward. 

 Type T. fasciculare. 



fasciculare, Cope, 1875, Ohio Pal., vol. 2, 

 p. 365, Coal Meas. 



TRIMERORACHIS, Cope, 1878, Pal. Bull. No. 

 29, and Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., vol. 17, p. 

 524. [Ety. trimeros, tripartite ; rachis, 



the backbone.] Centrum rhachito- 

 mous, represented by three cortical os- 

 sifications of the chorda-sheath, a me- 

 dian inferior and two lateral ; the lateral 

 are distinct, and in contact with the 

 neurapophyses above, and the posterior 

 border of the median segment in front ; 

 neural arch joins the lateral elements, 

 and is in slight contact with the lateral 

 summits of the inferior element ; the 

 halves of the neural arch are co-ossi- 

 fied, and support zygapophyses, but no 

 neural spine; cranial bones sculptured; 

 parasphenoid flat; external nostrils 

 large, superior ; angle of mandible little 

 produced; glenoid cavity transverse; 

 deep internal pterygoid fossa ; no coro- 

 noid process; symphysis short; teeth 

 conic, two series in the upper jaw, the 

 large ones anterior; ribs short, heads 

 expanded. Type T. insignis. 



bilobatus, Cope, 1883, Pal. Bull. No. 36, 

 and Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., vol. 20, p. 629, 

 Permian. 



insignis, Cope, 1878, Pal. Bull. No. 29, and 

 Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., vol. 17, p. 524, 

 Permian. 



TUDITANCS, Cope, 1871, Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., 

 p. 177, and Ohio Pal., vol. 2, p. 391. 

 [Ety. proper name.] Cranium broad, 

 flat, bones sculptured ; teeth on pre- 

 maxillary and maxillary bones of nearly 

 equal sizes; three pectoral shields, 

 sculptured externally; form lizard-like; 

 two pairs of medium limbs ; no chevron 

 abdominal rods. Type T. punctulatus. 



FiQ. 1194. Tuditanus radiatus. 



brevirostris, Cope, 1874, Trans. Am. Phil. 



Soc., vol. 14, p. 10, and Ohio Pal., vol. 



2, p. 393, Coal Meas. 

 huxleyi, Cope, 1874, Trans. Am. Phil. Soc., 



&10, and Ohio Pal., vol. 2, p. 397, Coal 

 eas. 



longipes, Cope, 1874, (Sauropleura longi- 

 pes,) Trans. Am. Phil. Soc., vol. 14, p. 

 10, and Ohio Pal., vol. 2, p. 398, Coal 

 Meas. 



