AND THEIR CULTURE. 95 



size, except when grown under the best cultural conditions. Wai- 

 lichianum, although introduced to Grlasnevin many years ago by Major 

 Madden, never seems to have attained anything like its native vigour 

 in our gardens, and its extremely late-flowering habit is against its ever 

 taking a place among the hardy species, although it may by a suitable 

 course of culture be made to bloom earlier. The success already 

 attained by Mr. James Mclntosh in growing its ally NeilgJierrense, 

 in his Rhododendron beds at Oatlands, Weybridge, seems to show 

 that the above conditions are suitable to both plants. A corres- 

 pondent, writing from Mussooree, thus describes the climatic conditions 

 under which Wallichianum is sometimes found in its Indian habitats : 

 "Flowers in August, but more usually in September. It is a 

 hardy plant, and here defies both heat and cold. I find it growing 

 at an elevation of 5500 feet on the open grassy hills, with a slope 

 sometimes of 45, not under forest shelter but in open tracts, the soil 

 full of bits of lime-stone pebbles, and the matrix composed of lime, 

 clay, and vegetable mould. From the great slope of the hill it is 

 thoroughly free from surplus water, the temperature of the summer 

 smn being from 120 to 130. From June to the end of September 

 it grows in a perfect deluge, and often is enshrouded in mist for days 

 together, that being our rainy season. From September to December 

 it gradually dies down in a fine warm temperature by day, with 

 hoar-frost at night in November. Little rain falls during these 

 months. Sometimes there is but little snow in winter, say 3 inch to 

 4 inch with hard frost ; at other times the snow lies over them 2 feet 

 in depth, but this is unusual. The bulbs lie at a depth of 6 inches 

 to 9 inches, and are uninjured. The plant seldom or never produces 

 seed, but is propagated by suckers or by bulblets from some part of 

 a long root [? underground stem, as in its ally, NeilgJierrense], so 

 that the flowering plants are surrounded by numerous young ones of 

 various ages." Another correspondent thus writes : " this Walliclii- 

 anum is a magnificent Lily; I have seen it in the Himalayas 8 feet 

 Jhigh." 



L. Japonicum. This is another variable plant, represented in 

 gardens by Japonicum, Brownii, Kmmeri, and their forms, all of 

 which are, however, too nearly allied to be separated otherwise than 

 under the above specific heading. Krameri has rather a small bulb, 

 say the size of a large Walnut, and such bulbs generally throw 

 flowers ; indeed, plump bulbs but little larger than a Cobnut fre- 

 quently produce a solitary bloom. The bulb structure and growth of 

 Krameri is almost identical with that of Longiflorum,* and this seems 



*;I cannot agree with this statement : the bulb of Krameri being very like that of a small 

 Auratum, but the scales are thinner, narrower, softer whiter and mor^ numerous, and 

 there is almost always a keeled mid-rib to the lower scale. The growth also of Krameri 

 is very like that of a small Auratum, but the lower part of the stem is denuded of leaves, 

 it bears a few alternate leaves commencing half way up the stem. See description, in 

 ^Synopsis. 



