CULTIVATION OF FRUIT 285 



outside. For the cultivation of mid-season and late Vines no other 

 need be wished for ; if, however, it is desired to have forced Grapes in 

 early spring, an inside border is preferable, because the temperature of 

 the soil would be higher and more even than would that of an outside 

 border, and so conduce to early root action and growth. 



VINES IN LEAN-TO HOUSE : BACK WALL PRACTICALLY USELESS 



The depth of the border should be three feet, and for the first year 

 need not be more than four feet wide. It is a far better practice to 

 make a small border when planting, and add a little fresh soil every 

 year, than to at once construct a large border, that by the time it is 

 full of roots will probably have become sour. If the subsoil is known 

 to be heavy and close, small drain-pipes must be placed in the bottom, 

 two or three feet apart, sloping towards the front of the vinery, if the 



