284 THE BEGINNINGS OF LIFE. 



with him in this view, my own observations do 

 pretty closely accord with his, as to the future fate 

 of these so-called c micrococci.' When introduced into 

 a fluid capable of undergoing alcoholic fermenta- 

 tion, they develop, according to Hallier, into bodies 

 resembling ordinary yeast cells or Torul<e (named by 

 him c cryptococci'), whereas in an acid fluid, or one 

 which becomes acid by the establishment of a new 

 kind of fermentation, they assume an elongated form, 

 and constitute one variety of what are ordinarily termed 



? p 'V; /ot^v-; > e 



FIG. 20. 

 The ' Micrococci' and ' Cryptococci' of Hallier. 



Bacteria (or c arthrococci ' in the nomenclature of 

 Hallier). Micrococci and arthrococci are said to mul- 

 tiply by fission, whilst cryptococci increase by a process 

 of gemmation. By an elongating growth, accompanied 

 by the formation of septa at intervals, arthrococci are 

 said to be capable of developing into distinct fungi 

 of the Qldium type. Thus, according to the nature 

 of the fluids, ' micrococci ' develop either at once into 

 Torula cells, from which a mycelium and a perfect 



