150 THE BEGINNINGS OF LIFE. 



whilst those which grow upwards often give rise to several 

 chaplet-like series of these reproductive corpuscles 1 . 



Thus by the mere repetition of similar phenomena 

 in which a process of partial segmentation is largely 

 concerned a comparatively complex fungus -growth 

 (Penictllium) results, differing only in minor respects 

 from those which have been found in some of my 

 solutions taken from closed and superheated flasks. 



The particular forms assumed by the outgrowths 

 from the germinating corpuscles, seem subject to much 

 natural variation for which we are utterly unable to 

 account. M. Trecul found that on exposure to the 

 air the cells of beer yeast grew partly into the form of 

 Mycoderma cerevisi*, and partly into that of a large 

 Pemcillmm. He has become convinced, therefore, that 

 the view originally advocated by Turpin is correct, viz. 

 that Mycoderma and Penmllmm are simply two forms 

 which may be assumed by germinating beer Torula*. 

 Nay, more, the Mycoderma itself is observed to be most ' 

 changeable in its form, as the qualities of the fluid in 

 which it grows alter ; and an already growing Mycoderma 

 is said to be capable of taking on the mode of growth 

 characteristic of Pentcillium 3 . 



1 See Fig. 53. This mode of development into forms resembling 

 Penicillium glaucum, was observed by Turpin in 1840, by the Rev. M. J. 

 Berkeley in 1855 (from porter yeast), and subsequently, by M. Pouchet, 

 in beer yeast and in that from cider. 



2 See also 'Compt. Rend.' t. 67, p. 1164. 



3 On the other hand the relationship existing between Mycoderma and 

 Torula is most distinct. When beer-wort is exposed to the open air 



