EFFECTS OF GIRDLING 



117 



0T" Inches 



passes down the stem is intercepted at the girdle 

 and is there deposited as abnormal tissue. Fig. 

 97 shows how a gir- 

 dled pine tree lived, 

 and piled up tissue 

 above the barrier, 

 until the roots were 

 starved and the tree 



96. Ruined by a 

 label wire. 



3-3? inches 



A girdled pine. The lower 

 part had four annual circles 

 of wood and the upper part 

 eight circles. 



died. All these remarks have a direct bearing on 

 the question of ringing, which we shall discuss 

 in Chapters IV. and V. 



