372 SOME SPECIFIC MODES OF TRAINING 



from Saxony. The wire is about twenty inches 

 above the ground, and the single arm or trunk 

 of the tree extends about eight feet. Fig. 237 

 is a sketch of part of an espalier pear in the 

 grounds of the Gartenbau Hochschule, near Berlin. 



240. Three-arm espalier. 



Fig. 240, from Germany, is part of a three-arm 

 candelabra espalier apple tree. Fig. 241 is an 

 old espalier Greening apple tree growing in west- 

 ern New York. The trellis has long since been 

 removed and the tree now supports itself, although 

 extending over a space about thirty feet long. 

 This is not a good specimen of training, but it 

 shows how readily a dwarf apple can be made 



