402 AMERICAN GRAPE TRAINING 



will find that we have now passed through the 

 long and costly experiment with European sys- 

 tems ; and we have also outgrown the gross or 

 long -wood styles, and now prune close, with the 

 expectation of obtaining superior and definite re- 

 sults."* 



PRUNING THE OR APE 



Pruning and training are terms which are 

 often confounded when speaking of the grape, 

 but they represent distinct operations. Pruning 

 refers to such removal of branches as shall in- 

 sure better and larger fruit on the remaining 

 portions. Training refers to the disposition of 

 the different parts of the vine. It is true that 

 different methods of training demand different 

 styles of pruning, but the modification in prun- 

 ing is only such as shall adapt it to the external 



*In the original edition, all the mamiscript was read by three persons 

 -by George C. Snow, Penn Yan, X. Y. ; William D. Barns, Middle Hope, 

 N. Y., and L. C. Corbett, my assistant in the Cornell Experiment Station 

 at that time, but now professor of horticulture in West Virginia. Mr. 

 Snow is a grower in the lake region of Western New York, and employs 

 the High Renewal system; Mr. Barns is a grower in the Hudson River 

 Valley, and practices the Kniffin system; while Mr. Curl ett has bem j 

 student of all the systems, and has practiced two or three of them in 

 commercial plantations. In this revision, I have been greatly aided by 

 John W. Spencer, Westfield, N. Y., one of the representative grape- 

 growers of the famous Chautanqua district. To these persons is to be 

 attributed very much of any value which the book may possess. 



The reader will find a good account of grape training by the l;itt> 

 E. G. Lodeman, in Year-Book of the Department of Agriculture for 1896. 

 For southern conditions he should consult Starnes' "Grape Culture," 

 Bull. 28, Ga. Exp. Sta. 



