4 PKELTMTXABT DEFTNITTOXS. 



'23. The pole stage of growth being passed, the plant becomes a 

 FORMED TREE. When there is no risk of ambiguity, the word 

 TREE without any qualification may be used in this sense. 



24. When a sapling, pole, or tree is the immediate result of 

 growth from the stool, the qualifying expression ON THE STOOL or 

 ON STOOLS will be affixed, or the word STOOL prefixed to those 

 terms. 



25. A collection of shoots springing up on one and the same- 

 stool is called a CLUMP. The term clump is also applied to the 

 collection of culms composing an individual bamboo plant. 



26 When the sapling, pole or tree has grown up from suckers 

 the term SUCKER will be prefixed to those words. 



27. A HIGH FOREST is a forest composed entirely or almost en- 

 tirely of seedling trees. 



The term SEED or SEEDLING FOREST would be more appropriate, but custom has 

 given currency to, the less accurate form of expression because, for various reasons, 

 forests composed of seedling trees generally attain, or are allowed to attain, a greater 

 height than the classes of forests referred to in the next definition, 



28. A COPSE is a forest that is composed chiefly of stool-shoots, 

 suckers, or culms. A COMPOSITE. COPSE is one which consists in a 

 large, or at least an appreciable, measure of seedling trees. 



29. A tree is said to COPPICE well when it reproduces itself 

 freely from the stool or from'roots or from rhizomes. The term TO' 

 COPPICE will also be used, in an active sense, to mean to fell a crop 

 with the object of obtaining a regrowth (See Definition 49) from 

 the stools, roots or rhizomes of the trees felled. The individual 

 stems composing this regrowth are designated COPPICE SHOOTS. 



30. To STUB OUT a tree or shrub signifies to cut it out by the 

 roots so that no stool is left. In stubbing out, the crowns of all 

 the main lateral roots are generally removed. 



31. To CUT BACK means to fell any plant, younger than a form- 

 ed tree, by its base, and this with the object of obtaining, if possi- 

 ble, a regrowth from it (See Definition 49). 



32. To TOP or HEAD DOWN a plant signifies to remove its crown. 

 83. In POLLING a plant we may either head it down or remove 



only a part of its crown. 



34. A POLLARD is a tree or shrub that has been polled. 



35. By STOCK or CROP is meant the entire forest growth stand- 

 ing on the plot of ground in question, and it is said to be COMPLETE 

 for any age, when it is the maximum quantity which the given , 

 plot can bear at that age. 



