BOUNDARIES, FENCING, WATERING AND CULTITATION. 219 



for safety's sake, something in excess of estimated requirements. 



ARTICLE 3. 

 FORM OF BOUNDARY. 



Owing to the small size and temporary nature of such nurseries, 

 the choice of shape admits of great latitude ; but if fencing is 

 necessary, economy will require a regular form a rectangle or 

 square on level ground, a complete terrace or succession of terraces 

 in the hills. 



ARTICLE 4. 

 FENCING. 



Where cattle, deer, pigs or elephants must be kept out, fencing 

 will be indispensable. All that has been said under this head in 

 connection with permanent nurseries, applies also here ; only it 

 must be remembered that, as the fence is required for only a very 

 limited period, it ought to be as cheap as possible and need not be 

 of a lasting nature. Tight-bound fences find their place here. They 

 may be made of bamboo or other wattling carried on strong 

 wooden posts. But fencing should rather be the exception than 

 the rule. 



ARTICLE 5. 

 WATERING. 



In those portions of the Himalayas where there are frequent 

 showers in spring, and under exceptional circumstances elsewhere, 

 watering may be dispensed with ; otherwise temporary nurseries, 

 like permanent ones, must be watered. But the watering here 

 nted be neither abundant nor frequent, and may be limited to 

 s-imply keeping the seedlings alive. 



The method of watering will depend very much upon whether 

 there is any establishment stationed at, or close to, the nursery. 

 Should such be the case, provided also other facilities exist, irriga- 

 tion may be adopted ; otherwise there is rarely any alternative to 

 hand-watering. But as the area is never large, hand-watering, 

 especially if it is simply limited to keeping the seedlings alive, caa 

 at the worst constitute only an insignificant item of cost. 



ARTICLE 6. 



PREPARATION OF THE SOIL. 



Contrary to what obtains in a permanent nursery, the rule in 

 the case of temporary nurseries is to turn up the sods so as to bring 

 the lower and poorer layers to the surface. In temporary nur- 

 series specially prepared manures in any appreciable quantity are 



