THE AMERICAN APICULTURIST. 



allowing a passage between them 

 and the hive, neither on the top, 

 nor on the sides. 



In the hive at the Conservatory, 

 the frames even touched the top 

 of the hive, according to Mr. 

 Fournier. 



In the sixth edition, Mr. Debeau- 

 vo_ys leaves a space of about one- 

 fourth of an inch at each end of 

 the frames. But this space is in- 

 sufficient, and is reduced to zero, 

 when the sun dries the doors where 

 the grain of the wood runs from 

 top to bottom. They contract, 

 approaching the walls to which 

 they are attached. We know that 

 a board measuring about thirteen 

 inches shrinks about -^^ of an inch 

 in ^ width in seasoning, and the 

 space at each end is thus disposed 

 of. 



Mr. Fournier will be much puz- 

 zled to cite a single feature of the 

 Debeauvoys hive which Langstroth 

 has copied. 



The Debeauvoys frame rests on 

 tlie platform ; that of Langstroth 

 is suspended by the elongations of 

 the top bars. 



The Debeauvoys hive opens at 

 the side ; the Langstroth from the 

 top. 



The Debeauvoys frame has two 

 stories in the body of the hive ; 

 the Langstroth is shallovv. This in- 

 ventor lias given tlie low form in 

 order that the frames may be more 

 easily handled. 



The Debeauvoys hive is made of 

 upright boards ; the Langstroth of 

 horizontal. 



The Debeauvoys hive has no 

 portico ; Langstroth has one to his 

 hive. 



Debeauvoys has many entrances ; 

 Langstroth has only one entrance 

 occupying the entire width of the 

 front of the hive. 



There is then no simihirity be- 

 tween the two hives. It is not 

 even possible to imagine two hives 

 more dissimilar. Likewise, how 

 12 



different have been the results ! 

 The Langstroth hive, or its princi- 

 ple, is the only one in use in the 

 United States. It needs no great 

 prophet to announce that his prin- 

 ciple, the movable top, will prevail 

 in the future over all other forms. 



It has adherents even in G-ermany 

 and in Italy where it is sustained 

 by Dr. Dubini, whose reputation 

 as an apiculturist is world-wide. 

 Langstroth, then, has rendered an 

 eminent service to the apiculturists 

 of the entii'e world in inventing 

 his hive. 



Mr. Debeauvoys, in his book, 

 seems to have gathered all the 

 errors current at the time in which 

 he wrote, ignoring the ideas, which, 

 like parthenogenesis, were already 

 universally admitted. 



Is it necessary to cite some of 

 the gross errors contained in this 

 Guide, excellent according to Mr. 

 Fournier ? 



Debeauvoys believed that the 

 eggs of a queen not fertilized are 

 sterile. 



Elsewhere he said that the queens 

 which have failed to meet the 

 drones do not lay eggs. 



That the eggs which are hatched 

 from queens are different from the 

 eggs of workers. 



That the queen is fertilized the 

 next day after her birth. 



That a j'oung queen lays worker 

 eggs exchisively during eleven 

 months following, then drones, and 

 twenty-one days after the eggs of 

 queens. 



That a queen lays 6000 eggs a 

 year. 



That the queens lay eggs all the 

 year. 



That certain young queens refuse 

 to lay in the old combs. 



That the males lay. 



That the workers live a year. 



That they defend the queen. 



That there are two kinds of 

 workers. 



