TOBACCO AXD ITS CULTURE. 139 



in 1641, 20d. per pound. In 164G, the culture of tobacco 

 was introduced into the Dutch Colony of New York. 



In March, 1657-58, by enactment, the planting of to- 

 bacco after July 10 was forbidden under a heavy penalty. 

 At the same time the packing of five pounds of ground 

 leaves among top tobacco was cause for its being burned. 



The manner of transporting the crop to market was 

 somewh it simple, and in accordance with the times. Stout 

 spikes or pins about two feet long were driven into the cen- 

 tre of the head of the hogshead of tobacco, to which shafts 

 were attached, between which the horse or mule was driven 

 a journey of perhaps a week's duration, the hogshead of to- 

 bacco being actually rolled through mud, dirt and stream to 

 its destination, the owner carrying food for himself and ani- 

 mal and a few tools for repairs in the case of accident, and 

 camping out at night by the side of his season's crop. The 

 storehouses or rolling-houses, as they were then called, af- 

 ter the manner of transportation, were appointed (one in 

 each county) by the government. 



Other of the Southern States besides Virginia have culti- 

 vated tobacco for a long time, and, contrary to the prevail- 

 ing opinion, Kentucky raises more than Virginia — more 

 than twice as much in fact; she raises thirty-six per cent, of 

 the entire tobacco crop of the country, which by the last 

 census amounted to a little more than 473,000,000 pounds, or 

 9^ pounds to every inhabitant, young and old. The yield 

 per acre varies from 471 pounds in North Carolina, to 1,340 

 in Pennsylvania, 1,599 in Massachusetts, and 1,620 in Con- 

 necticut.. 



It is not our purpose in this paper to extend the account 

 of the early cultivation of tobacco by the Virginians, and 

 give a recital of their buying their wives with tobacco, or of 

 their fraudulent proceedings to cheat their government of 

 taxes, etc. 



But it is our purpose to treat of the subject under consid- 

 eration only as to its culture and relation to the interests of 

 the Connecticut Valley farmer, to whom, as a product of the 

 soil, it has become a source of profit, it being what may bo 

 called a special crop, a money crop, remunerating, and, when 

 grown in rotation with other crops, beneficial to the farm, 



