248 AGRICULTURE 



General-purpose Breeds. There are some breeds called gen- 

 eral-purpose cattle, which are valuable for both milk and beef. 

 Among these are certain strains of the Shorthorn or Durham, the 

 Devon, and Red Polled. The range cattle of Texas and the West 

 have been graded up chiefly with the Shorthorn and Hereford. 



ROWENA 2ND DUAL-PURPOSE Cow 



A pure-bred Shorthorn, champion dual-purpose cow of the St. Louis World's Fair in 1904. 

 Her record for 120 days was 4053 Ib. milk, yielding 201.13 tt>. butter: during that 

 time -she gained 139 Ib. in weight 



Improving l Scrub ' Cattle. Common or ' scrub ' cattle, as a rule, 

 mature slowly and give less flesh and milk for the same amount of 

 food than do improved breeds. The quickest and most economical 

 way to improve a herd of common cattle is to put at the head a bull 

 of the type desired. It is often and truly said, "the sire is half 

 the herd." Some breeds, such as the Shorthorn, transmit their 

 good qualities with especial strength and certainty. 



Dairy Products. Dairy products are milk, cream, butter, and 



